Extraction and uses of metals PAPER 2

Question 1

most metals are extracted from

Answer 1

ores found in the earths crust

Question 2

unreactive metals are often found as

Answer 2

the uncombined element

Question 3

extraction of a metal from its ore involves

Answer 3

removing oxygen from metal oxides.

Question 4

If the ore contains a metal which is below carbon in the reactivity series then the metal is extracted by

Answer 4

reaction with carbon ( eg iron) in a displacement reaction.

Question 5

If the ore contains a metal which is above carbon in the reactivity series

Answer 5

electrolysis (eg aluminium) or reaction with a more reactive metal is used to extract the metal.

Question 6

an alloy is a

Answer 6

mixture of a metal and one or more elements, usually other metals or carbon

Question 7

aluminium uses

Answer 7

Aircraft - low density and resists corrosion
Power cables - conducts electricity/ductile
Pots and pans - low density, strong when alloyed, good conductor of heat

Question 8

copper uses

Answer 8

Electrical wires - conductor of electricity and ductile
Pots and pans - good conductor of heat and unreactive and malleable
Water pipes - unreactive and malleable

Question 9

iron uses

Answer 9

Buildings - strong

Saucpans - conducts heat and high melting point

Question 10

Mild steel uses

Answer 10

nails, car bodies, ship building, girder

Question 11

High carbon steel uses

Answer 11

cutting tools, masonry nails

Question 12

Stainless steel uses

Answer 12

cutlery, cooking utensils, kitchen sinks

Question 13

Why are alloys harder than pure metals

Answer 13

In an alloy, the different elements have slightly different sized atoms. This breaks up the regular lattice arrangement and makes it more difficult for layers of ions to slide over each other.