extra

Question 1

Saline

Answer 1

will not disrupt granulation tissue.

Question 2

Supine traction with an occipital cervical halter

Answer 2

provides effective pull without stress on the temporomandibular joint.

Question 3

left cerebral hemisphere.

Answer 3

Control of speech`

Question 4

A stage II pressure ulcer

Answer 4

has partial thickness skin loss involving epidermis, dermis or both (e.g., abrasion, blister, or shallow crater).

Question 5

A stage III pressure ulcer

Answer 5

has full thickness skin loss involving damage to or necrosis of subcutaneous tissue that may extend down to, but not through, underlying fascia (deep crater with or without undermining).

Question 6

DF

Answer 6

Initiates midswing`

Question 7

The use of a lap board while seated

Answer 7

provides support and decreases traction on the arm. Traction injuries could increase the subluxation and result in development of a painful shoulder.

Question 8

hand-rim projections

Answer 8

To allow wheelchair propulsion

Question 9

hip arthroplasty avoid which movements of the hip?

Answer 9

Lateral (external) rotation and extension should be avoided following a total hip arthroplasty via an anterior approach. These motions stress the anterior capsule and could result in hip joint dislocation.

Question 10

Which of the following shoulder motions is CONTRAINDICATED for strengthening the shoulder of a patient who has had a posterior shoulder dislocation?

Answer 10

Flexion, adduction, and medial (internal) rotation are the most common component of posterior shoulder dislocation and should be avoided during strengthening.

Question 11

Medial Collateral ligament

Answer 11

The medial collateral ligament is often injured by a valgus directed force to the lateral aspect of the knee (pp. 805, 806).

Question 12

Lateral Collateral Ligament

Answer 12

The lateral collateral ligament is located on the lateral aspect of the knee and would be most likely injured by a varus, not valgus force (pp. 805, 806).

Question 13

1. The posterior cruciate ligament

Answer 13

is more likely to become injured due to a posteriorly directed force on the anterior aspect of the flexed knee

Question 14

The talofibular ligament

Answer 14

located at the ankle and is most often injured during an inversion ankle sprain (p. 889).

Question 15

Review

Answer 15

muscles

Question 16

total hip arthroplasty: AVOID

Answer 16

Lateral (external) rotation and extension should be avoided following a total hip arthroplasty via an anterior approach. These motions stress the anterior capsule and could result in hip joint dislocation.

Question 17

posterior shoulder dislocation: AVOID

Answer 17

Flexion, adduction, and internal rotation

Question 18

signs of arterial ulceration

Answer 18

A pale or blanched wound base is indicative of arterial ulcers.

2. Arterial wounds appear with minimal exudate and dry necrosis.
3. Arterial wounds are painful. Pain is a symptom.
4. Arterial wounds have poor granulation due to decreased blood flow.

Question 19

Cold Therapy

Answer 19

A clinical use for cryotherapy is reduction of pain and bleeding as would occur with an acute hematoma (p. 138).

2. Poor peripheral circulation is a contraindication due to possibility of tissue damage (p. 140).
3. Hypertension is a precaution for use of cold due to extensive vasoconstriction, but hypotension is not a contraindication (p. 141).
4. Cryotherapy is indicated to temporarily decrease spasticity (p. 139

Question 20

Know

Answer 20

Lobes

Question 21

hemianopasa

Answer 21

opposite eye

Question 22

know

Answer 22

cranial nerves

Question 23

monofilaments

Answer 23

For an accurate test, the monofilament should be placed on the skin until it bends. Different diameters of monofilament will bend with different amounts of pressure, so the bending point is the discriminating aspect of the test.

Question 24

Centralization of pain

Answer 24

good sign: look up why

Question 25

Sclerosis

Answer 25

Submaximal strength training is most beneficial for a patient with multiple sclerosis, and moderate intensity exercises are indicated for beginning exercises for a person with congestive heart failure. Fatigue should be monitored in people with both diagnoses.

Question 26

know

Answer 26

scar formation

Question 27

lesion in the basal ganglia secondary to asphyxia

Answer 27

Athetosis results from lesions in the basal ganglia

Question 28

review

Answer 28

mm actions and nerve innervations

Question 29

Normal orientation

Answer 29

Time, person, and place

Question 30

Right sided Heart Failure (KNOW THE DIFFERENCE)

Answer 30

Pitting edema

Question 31

Pulmonary edema

Answer 31

Left sided HF

Question 32

A compression wrap used to reduce edema in a limb should be applied with:

Answer 32

greater pressure distally and decreased pressure proximally.

Question 33

know

Answer 33

study grouping

Question 34

functional incontinence

Answer 34

the inability to void in an appropriate place due to physical disability or mental confusion

Question 35

Hydrocephalus

Answer 35

a condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the skull, is associated with myelomeningocele, a neural tube defect, with or without Arnold-Chiari malformation

Question 36

go over

Answer 36

wound dressings

Question 37

wound with moderate to copious amounts of exudate?

Answer 37

Calcium alginate with gauze cover is for moderate to high exudating wounds

Question 38

Anteropulsive

Answer 38

describes a forward festinating gait characterized by an increase in speed

Question 39

Ataxic gait

Answer 39

is uncoordinated gait but is not necessarily associated with less time in stance

Question 40

Retropulsive

Answer 40

describes a backward festinating gait characterized by an increase in speed

Question 41

Antalgic gait

Answer 41

is characterized by a decrease in the stance phase on the involved side in an attempt to eliminate weight-bearing on the involved legs as much as possible (Dutton, p. 282).

Question 42

Assisted forced expiratory techniques are MOST beneficial for a patient who has which of the following conditions

Answer 42

Forced expiratory techniques are effective in airway secretion clearance in patients who have cystic fibrosis.

Question 43

Atelectasis

Answer 43

the collapse of alveoli with loss of air, and benefits most from deep breathing/inspiratory techniques.

Question 44

To avoid impingement of the greater tubercle on the acromion process in attaining full abduction of the shoulder during passive ROM, the physical therapist assistant should:

Answer 44

Laterally (externally) rotating the humerus helps to obtain full unobstructed range of motion.

Question 45

Babinski’s sign

Answer 45

Babinski is indicative of damage to the corticospinal tract, which is part of the motor cortex of the cerebrum.

Question 46

AFO

Answer 46

With the right foot flat on the floor, an ankle–foot orthosis set in several degrees of dorsiflexion will prevent knee hyperextension in stance, allow tibial advancement, and prevent foot drop during swing.

Question 47

measure oxygen saturation in arterial blood?

Answer 47

4. Pulse oximeter

Question 48

decreased lumbar curve

Answer 48

The lumbar spine is flat causing the pelvis to be posteriorly rotated

Question 49

anaphylactic shock

Answer 49

Hypotension

Question 50

right lower extremity partial weight-bearing gait using a walker

Answer 50

Advance the walker, then the right foot, followed by the left foot.

Question 51

Parkinson disease treatment

Answer 51

Relaxation and breathing exercises, trunk rotation activities in sitting position, and gait activities emphasizing timing assist with decreasing rigidity, increasing trunk rotation and increasing dynamic balance and coordination.

Question 52

forward-bent posture

Answer 52

Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have diaphragms that are flattened by hyperinflation. Leaning forward increases the abdominal pressure, pushing the diaphragm up into the thorax and into a better position for contraction. Because of the improved length-tension relationship, the diaphragm has an increased strength of contraction. (Hillegass, pp. 578, 647).