Extra 2

Question 1

Chondrichthyes

Answer 1

Cartilaginous fishes, jawed verts, paired fins, paired nares, scared. Cartridge bones

Question 2

Innate behavior

Answer 2

Do not have to be learned or practiced

Question 3

Learned behavior

Answer 3

Something that is taught

Question 4

Vestigial structures or traits

Answer 4

Traits that lost their function

Question 5

Micro evolution

Answer 5

Evolutionary change within a species or small group of organisms over a short period

Question 6

Macroevolution

Answer 6

Major evolutionary change

Question 7

Polyploidy

Answer 7

Containing more than two paired sets of chromosomes

Question 8

Speciation

Answer 8

The formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution

Question 9

Proterozioc

Answer 9

Between Archean and Cambrian period. 2500 mya to 541 mya.

Question 10

Hadean

Answer 10

Began with the formation of earth. 4.6 to 4 billion years ago.

Question 11

Archean period

Answer 11

4000 to 2500 mya or 4-2.5 billion years ago.

Question 12

Phanerozoic

Answer 12

Relating to or denoting the eon covering the whole time since the beginnning of the Cambrian period. Comprising the Paleozoic Mesozoic and Cenozoic era. 541 mya to present.

Question 13

Homologous

Answer 13

Having the same structural features and pattern of genes.

Question 14

Analogous

Answer 14

Performing a similar function but having a different evolutionary origin. Such as the wings of insects and birds.

Question 15

Sexual selection

Answer 15

Natural selection arising through preference by one section for certain characteristics in individuals of the other sex.

Question 16

Petromyzontida

Answer 16

Lampreys jawless fish placed in the superclass of cyclostomsta

Question 17

Millipede

Answer 17

Group of anthropoid having 2 jointed legs on most body segments. Class if diplopoda. Group myriapoda

Question 18

Centipede

Answer 18

Anthropods belonging to the class chilopoda and subphylum myriapoda. One pair of legs per body segment. Highly venemous.

Question 19

Hermaphrodite

Answer 19

Both female and male sex organs

Question 20

Bivalves

Answer 20

Lamellivranchiata and pelecyoda a class of marine and freshwater molluscs that have laterally compressed bodies enclosed by a shell consisting of two hinged parts.

Question 21

Copepods

Answer 21

A group of small crustaceans found in the sea and nearly ever freshwater habitat. Larval fished and filter feeders. Most abundant species in earth.

Question 22

Cephalization

Answer 22

The concentration of sense organs, nervous control at the anterior end of the body forming a head and brain

Question 23

Book lungs

Answer 23

Each a pair of respiratory organs composed of many fine leaves. In a spider or other arachnids.

Question 24

Myzini

Answer 24

Hagfish. Eel shaped. Slime producing. Marine fish. Skull but no vertebral column.

Question 25

Decapod

Answer 25

Order of crustaceans within the class malacostraca, including many familiar groups such as crayfish, crabs, lobsters, prawns, and shrimp. Most are scavengers

Question 26

Parthenogenesis

Answer 26

Reproduction from an ovum without fertilization, especially as a normal process in some invertebrates and lower parts.

Question 27

Parapodium

Answer 27

Paired lateral appendages extending from the body segments.

Question 28

Estivation

Answer 28

Prolonged torpor or dormancy of an animal during a hot or dry period.

Question 29

Rhabditophora

Answer 29

Class of flatworms and most free living species that were previously grouped in the now obselete class turbellaria.

Question 30

Oviparous

Answer 30

Hatch outside mothers body

Question 31

Ovoviviparous

Answer 31

Embryo develops within the uterus and is nourished by the egg yolk

Question 32

Viviparous

Answer 32

Embryo develops within the uterus and is nourish through a yolk sack placenta from the mothers blood

Question 33

Coelacanths

Answer 33

The common ancestors for tetrapods

Question 34

Sarcopterygii

Answer 34

Loeb send the fishes have muscular pelvic and pectoral fins

Question 35

Tiktaalik

Answer 35

375 mya. Strong pectoral fins could do push-ups

Question 36

Eusthenopteron

Answer 36

385 mya. Lived in deltas swamps use the stronger arms to push its way through obstacles

Question 37

Pandericthys

Answer 37

380 mya. No third fin swim like eel. Stronger body muscle attachments

Question 38

Reasons to enter land

Answer 38

Drying pool, digging in tidal flat, escape predators, food resources, reproduction, more oxygen,

Question 39

Tetrapod

Answer 39

For limbs

Question 40

Acanthostega

Answer 40

365 mya. Not a strong Walker mostly aquatic eight digits fused robust pelvic girdle

Question 41

Icthyostega

Answer 41

360 mya. Closer to land tetrapod’s, rib cage to protect organs from being crushed out of water, very strong pectoral girdle with strong muscle attachments, rear leg not attached for weight dangles like a paddle