Chepter 51 Flashcards
Which four questions does the Dutch scientist Nico Tinbergen used to understand any behavior?
What stimulus elicits the behavior and what psychological mechanisms mediate the response?
How does the animals experience during growth and development influence the response?
How does the behavior aid survival and reproduction?
What is the behaviors evolutionary history?
Fixed action pattern
A sequence of unlearned acts directly linked to a simple stimulus. Are unchangeable and once initiated, are usually carried to completion.
Behavioral ecology
The study of ecological and evolutionary basis for animal behavior
Circannual rhythms
Behavioral rhythms linked to the yearly cycle of seasons
What are the four main modes of communication?
Visual chemical tactile and auditory.
Pheromones
Odors or tastes and emit chemical substances
Innate behavior
Behavior that is developmentally fixed
Imprinting
The establishment of a long lasting behavioral response to a particular individual or object
Spatial learning.
The establishment of a memory that reflects the environments spatial structure
Cognitive map
A representation in an animals nervous system of the Spatial relationships between objects in its surroundings
Associative learning
The ability to associate one environmental feature (such as color) with another (such as foul taste)
Classical conditioning
Stimulus becomes associated with a particular outcome
Operant conditioning
Also called trial and error learning an animal first learned to associate one of its behaviors with a reward or punishment and then tends to repeat or avoid that behavior
Cognition
The process of knowing that involves awareness reasoning recollection and judgment
Social learning
Learning something by watching somebody else do it
