external anatomy of the heart Flashcards
where is the apex of the heart?
left 5th intercostal space- formed by left ventricle
what are the 4 surfaces of the heart?
anterior-sternocostal
diaphragmatic
left pulmonary
right pulmonary
the crista terminalis is marked externally by a vertical groove called the?
sulcus terminalis
what does the crista terminalis separate?
right atrium proper and sinus of venae cavae
what represents the embryonic sinus venosus?
sinus of venae cavae
the fossa ovalis a remnant of what?
foramen ovale which closes at birth
what are the openings in the right atrium?
superior vena cava inferior vena cava coronary sinus anterior veins of right ventricle right ventricle
what do the chordae tendinae prevent?
eversion of the valve during ventricular contraction
the upper portion of the right ventricle which ends in the pulmonary trunk is called?
conus arteriosus
what are the openings in the right ventricle?
right atrium
pulmonary trunk
what are the openings in the left ventricle?
left atrium
aorta
what are the openings in the left atrium?
pulmonary veins
left ventricle
what is different about the trabeculae carnae in the left ventricle?
finer and more numerous than in the right ventricle
what is the smooth walled portion of the left ventricle below the cusps of the aortic valve?
aortic vestibule
what is different about the walls of each ventricle?
the left is 2-3 times thicker than the right
what are the 4 parts of the septal wall?
interatrial septum
atrioventricular septum
membranous interventricular septum
muscular interventricular septum
in contrast to the mitral and tricuspid valves, the pulmonary and aortic valves lack?
chordae tendinae and papillary muscles
which valve closes with contraction?
atrioventricular
which valve opens with contraction
semilunar
what is another name for the pulmonary and aortic valves?
semilunar valves
what are the features of the 3 semilunar cusps of the pulmonary and aortic valves?
nodules
lunules
pulmonary and aortic sinuses
the fibrous skeleton of the heart is a connective tissue framework composed of?
fibrous rings-foundation of heart valves
left and right fibrous trigones- strongest part
membranous part of septal wall
what are the functions of the fibrous skeleton of the heart?
1 provide structural framework for the valves
2 insulate electrical impulses of the conduction system within the artial wall from those within the ventricular wall
