Experimental Designs Flashcards
1
Q
What is the Repeated Measures Design?
A
- All pps take part in all conditions of the experiment
2
Q
What are the Limitations of Repeated Measures Design?
A
- Limitation of order effects (solved by counterbalancing)
- Boredom or fatigue affects performance. Or pps performance improves due to practice, order is a confounding variable.
- Likely pps will work out study aim, demand characteristics more prevalent than in IG.
3
Q
What are the Strengths of Repeated Measures Design?
A
- Strength, pps variables controlled (higher validity), fewer pps needed (cheaper and quicker)
4
Q
What is Random Allocation?
A
- An attempt to evenly distribute pps differences across experimental conditions in an independent group design
5
Q
What is a Matched Pairs Design?
A
- Pps are matched on a variable important to the experiment and then one of each pair is allocated to a different condition
6
Q
What are the Strengths/Limitations of Matched Pairs design?
A
- Pps only take part in a single condition so order affects and demand characteristics are not an issue
- Doesn’t fully erase pps variables
- Matching pps may be time-consuming and expensive (particularly if pre-test is necessary), less economical
7
Q
What is a Independent Groups design?
A
- Two seperate groups are involved, each group does one of the conditions of the experiment
8
Q
What are the Limitations of IG designs?
A
- Biggest issue if pps are not the same in terms of pps variables. So, change in DV may be to do with variables rather than IV, differences = confounding variable and reduce validity (solved by random allocation)
- Less economical that RM as each pps contributes only 1 result. Increases time + money recruiting pps.
9
Q
What are the Strengths of IG designs?
A
- Strength is order effect are not an issue and pps are less likely to guess the aim
10
Q
What is Counterbalancing?
A
- An attempt to control for order effects in a repeated measures design: half the pps do the conditions in one order and the other half in the opposite order
