experimental designs Flashcards
1
Q
What is an experimental design ?
A
How participants are used in experiments and the way that they are arranged
2
Q
What are the 3 types of experimental design ?
A
- independent groups
- repeated measure
- matched pairs
3
Q
What is the independent group design ?
A
- two separate groups experience two different conditions
- performances are compared
- E.G. Zimbardo’s Stanford prison experiment
4
Q
What are advantages of independent group design ?
A
- no order effects
- fewer demand characteristics
- no participants are lose between trials
5
Q
What are disadvantages of independent group design ?
A
- participants wont be the same therefore less comparable
- expensive as more participants are needed
6
Q
What is repeated measures design ?
A
Where participants take part in both conditions and then the conditions are compared
7
Q
What are some advantages of repeated measure design ?
A
- participant variables are controlled
- both conditions are compared
8
Q
What are some disadvantages of repeated measure design ?
A
- time consuming as a gap may be needed between the conditions
- there may be order effects
- this can be helped by counterbalancing ( doing the trial (AB - BA)
9
Q
What is matched participant design ?
A
- different but similar participants to test out the different conditions
- matched based on the important characteristics for the study
- pilot study is needed to ensure effective matching
10
Q
What are some advantages of matched participant design ?
A
- differences between participants are more closely matched
- no order effect
- demand characteristics are minimised
11
Q
What are the disadvantages of matched participants design ?
A
- may not be the exact or correct match
- large amount of participants needed
- time consuming as there is time needed for matching up
