Experimental Design & Properties of Water U1 Flashcards
What is a hypothesis?
A testable explanation or prediction based on the observation and the scientist’s prior knowledge
What is a null hypothesis?
A prediction that there is no relationship between two variables.
What is an independent variable?
The factor or condition being changed
“the cause”
X-axis
What is a dependent variable?
The factor or condition being measured
“the effect”
Y-axis
What is a control variable?
A factor or condition that is kept
constant throughout the experiment
What is a control group?
This group experiences the same
conditions as the experimental group,
except for the single independent
variable being studied
What is a controlled experiment?
done in lab
What is a natural experiment?
observing and
analyzing something happening
naturally, out of control of the scientist
What is quantitative data?
Based on numbers
What is Qualitative data?
Based on Observation
What is an atom?
the basic unit of matter.
What is an element?
a pure substance
that consists of one type of
atom.
What is an atom composed of?
Atoms are composed of three
subatomic particles:
What is a Proton?
Positively charged subatomic particle, found in
the nucleus.
What is a Neutron?
Subatomic particle with no charge, found in
the nucleus.
What is an electron?
Negatively charged subatomic particle, found
outside of the nucleus.
What are the first 3 layers of electron shells made of?
1st Orbital: Maximum 2 electrons
2nd Orbital: Maximum 8 electrons
3rd Orbital: Maximum 18 electrons
What is an atomic number?
the number of protons in the atom.