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Biology > Cellular Transport 2.3 U2 > Flashcards

Cellular Transport 2.3 U2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a missle cell?

A

Single layer of phospholipids

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2
Q

What is a concentration gradient?

A

Substances will naturally move from HIGH to LOW concentration.
Eventually, an equilibrium would be reached (no gradient remaining).

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3
Q

What is Passive Transport?

A

No energy required!
High to low (concentration)
Easy peasy :)

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4
Q

What is Active Transport?

A

Energy is required!
Low to high (concentration)
Not easy peasy :(

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5
Q

What are the types of Passive Transport?

A

Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion, Osmosis

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6
Q

What is Diffusion?

A

Particles move from high to low until reaches equilibrium

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7
Q

What is Facilitated Diffusion?

A

When molecules can’t go directly across a membrane, so they pass through special protein channels

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8
Q

What is Osmosis?

A

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
Through the membrane directly and in larger quantities through aquaporins

Water will move across a membrane until the concentration of solute is the same on both sides!
Solute vs. Solvent
Sugar can’t move across the membrane by itself, it’s too large

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9
Q

What is Dynamic Equilibrium?

A

The substances will continue to move, but there is no net change in concentration on either side!
Movement doesn’t stop entirely!

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10
Q

What are the different types of solutions?

A

Hypotonic Solution, Hypertonic Solution, Isotonic Solution

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11
Q

What is a Hypotonic Solution?

A

Water diffuses INTO cell
Cell expands

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12
Q

What is a Hypertonic Solution?

A

Water diffuses OUT OF cell
Cell shrinks

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13
Q

What is a Isotonic Solution?

A

Water moves in and out equally
Cell stays the same

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14
Q

What is Lysed?

A

Bursts

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15
Q

What is Turgid?

A

Bloated

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16
Q

What is Flaccid?

A

Droopy

17
Q

What is the optimal solution for an animal cell?

A

Isotonic Solution

18
Q

What is the optimal solution for a plant cell?

A

Hypotonic Solution

19
Q

What are the types of active transport?

A

Selective and Bulk Transport

20
Q

What is Selective Transport?

A

Small molecules, ions
Proteins in membrane are used

21
Q

What is Bulk Transport?

A

Large molecules, clumps of materials
Movements of the cell membrane itself

22
Q

What are the types of bulk transport?

A

Endocytosis and Exocytosis

23
Q

What is Endocytosis?

A

“endo” = within
Material is taken into cell by infolding of the cell membrane
Phagocytosis and Pinocytosis

24
Q

What is Phagocytosis?

A

taking up particles and packing within food vacuole
“cell eating”

25
Q

What is Pinocytosis?

A

= taking up liquid from surrounding environment
“cell drinking”

26
Q

What is Exocytosis?

A

“exo” = out of
Material is released from the cell by vesicle fusing with membrane
Signaling molecules, waste, toxins, etc.

27
Q

What is the Primary Active Transport?

A

Uses ATP as the energy source. A very common example is the sodium-potassium pump!

28
Q

What is the Secondary Active Transport?

A

Uses the energy stored in electrochemical gradients
Ions have charges, and when there’s an imbalance in charges on either side of the membrane, there is a membrane potential
The combination of concentration and membrane potential = electrochemical gradient!
BOTH will affect which way things move across the membrane

So, a primary active transport protein can set up this electrochemical gradient, which the secondary active transport protein can then use!

29
Q

What is Uniport?

A

Passive transport or primary active transport
1 direction of travel, 1 thing traveling

30
Q

What is Symport?

A

1 direction of travel, 2 things traveling

31
Q

What is Antiport?

A

2 directions of travel, 2 things traveling

32
Q

What do Symport and Antiport have in common?

A

Cotransport

Biology (20 decks)

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