Cellular Respiration 2.6 U2 Flashcards
What is cellular respiration?
Process that cells use to release energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules
Composed of three main parts
Most parts of cellular respiration require oxygen (which is why we need to breathe!)
“Respiration”
ALL cells must carry out some version of cellular respiration to have energy to live!
Cells that live in anaerobic environments can only do the anaerobic parts!
What is aerobic?
requires oxygen
What is anaerobic?
does not require oxygen
What are the three stages of cellular respiration and are they anaerobic or aerobic?
Glycolysis
Anaerobic
Krebs Cycle
Aerobic
Electron Transport Chain
Aerobic
What is glycolysis?
“Sugar-breaking”
Molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvic acid
Glucose = 6 carbons
Pyruvic acid (also called pyruvate) = 3 carbons
Needs 2 ATP for the process to begin, and produces 4 ATP
NET GAIN OF 2 ATP PER GLUCOSE MOLECULE
Also produces 2 NADH molecules
Passes 4 high energy electrons to NAD+
NADH is used later in the electron transport chain
Occurs in the cytoplasm
Anaerobic
Does NOT require oxygen
What is glucose broken into
Molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvic acid
Does glycolysis require oxygen?
Does NOT require oxygen
Anaerobic
Where does glycolysis occur
Occurs in the cytoplasm
How much ATP does glycolysis produce?
Needs 2 ATP for the process to begin, and produces 4 ATP
Net 2 ATP
How much NADH molecules does glycolysis produce?
Also produces 2 NADH molecules
Passes 4 high energy electrons to NAD+
NADH is used later in the electron transport chain
What are electron carriers?
Allow a cell to move electrons around as needed
What are the electron carriers involved in cellular respiration?
Ex. in cellular respiration: NADH and FADH2
Where is the mitochondria found?
Found in cytosol of the cell
What is a cristae?
Inner membrane has cristae (many inward protrusions)
Increases surface area!
What is intermembrane space?
space between double membranes