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BVSc2 AHS2 > Exotics - rodents > Flashcards

Exotics - rodents Flashcards

1
Q

Is the maxilla or mandible narrower in rabbits and rodents?

A

Rodents - Maxilla is narrower, mandible is wider

Rabbits - maxilla is wider, mandible is narrower

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2
Q

How many pairs of incisors do rodents have?

A

One pair of upper and one pair of lower

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3
Q

How many pairs of incisors do lagomorphs have?

A

Two pairs of upper incisors

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4
Q

How many teeth do lagomorphs have?

A

28

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5
Q

What do rabbits and rodents share about their mouth>

A

Diastema and philtrum

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6
Q

What is a diastema and a philtrum?

A

Gap between incisors and molars

Cheek folds separating the grinding and gnawing compartments of the mouth

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7
Q

What are guinea pigs and chinchillas classed as?

A

Hystricomorphs

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8
Q

In rodents is the distance between cheek teeth greater in the upper jaw or lower jaw?

A

Lower jaw

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9
Q

What is a different between rodent and lagomorph limbs?

A

Lagomorphs have no foot pads, hair covered toes and metatarsals

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10
Q

What is different about lagomorph and rodent mouths?

A

Rodents have no bony symphysis between mandible whereas lagomorphs do
Rodents have a cartilaginous symphysis instead

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11
Q

What are rats, gerbils, hamsters and mice classed as?

A

Myomorphs

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12
Q

How many teeth do myomorphs have?

A

16

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13
Q

How many teeth do hystricomorphs have?

A

20

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14
Q

What type of teeth do myomorphs have and number of each?

A

4 aradicular incisors, no premolars, 12 brachdont molars

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15
Q

What are brachydont teeth?

A

Closed rooted teeth, enamel above the gumline in a crown

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16
Q

What type of teeth do hystricomorphs have and number of each?

A

4 incisors, 4 premolars, 12 aradicular teeth

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17
Q

What are aradicular teeth?

A

Open rooted teeth, hypsodont so constantly grow, enamel extends below the gum line

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18
Q

How are rodents adapted for gnawing?

A

Loose articulation of jaw
Incisors are in apposition when the molars are not and vice versa
Large masseters

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19
Q

What is an identifying feature of rat teeth?

A

Yellow/orange pigmented teeth

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20
Q

What is the gland called that rats and gerbils have that produces red pigment and what is the red pigment called?

A

Harderian gland

porphyrin

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21
Q

Where does the medial masseter pass in myomorphs and why?

A

Passes through the infraorbital foramen to the rostral muzzle
Gives a stronger lever to make a stronger bite

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22
Q

Which teeth are longer - upper or lower incisors?

A

Lower incisors

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23
Q

What is a feature on a myomorph tongue?

A

torus linguae

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24
Q

What feature do hamsters have that other rodents dont have?

A

Cheek pouches

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25
Q

What is a feature of a hystricomorph tongue?

A

Palatal ostium - hole in the soft palate that connects with the pharynx - makes intubation difficult

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26
Q

What is the feature of hearing that is very big in rodents?

A

Tympanic bullae

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27
Q

Which species is the tympanic bullae most pronounced?

A

Chinchilla

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28
Q

What is different about a myomorph and hystricomorph skull?

A

Myomorph is more pointy, hystricomorph more rounded

29
Q

What kind of young do myomorphs have?

A

Altricial young

30
Q

What kind of gestation do myomorphs have?

A

Short gestation

31
Q

What kind of young do hystricomorphs have?

A

Precocious young

32
Q

In what rodents is the anogenital distance useful?

A

Myomorphs

33
Q

What are squirrels classed as?

A

Sciuromorphs

34
Q

How many digits do myomorphs have?

A

4/5 on forefoot - digit 1 is very reduced

5 on hindfoot

35
Q

How many digits do hystricomorphs have?

A

4 digits on forefoot, 3 on hindfoot

36
Q

What is different about myomorph and hystricomorph mammary tissue?

A

Myomorphs - extensive mammary tissue, 6 teat pairs

Hystricomorphs - reduced tissue

37
Q

How many teats do myomorphs have?

A

6 pairs

38
Q

How many teats do guinea pigs have?

A

2 inguinal teats - 1 pair

39
Q

How many teats do chinchillas have?

A

2 thoracic pairs and one inguinal pair

40
Q

What is different about myomorph and hystricomorph sexing?

A

Guinea pigs have developed penis - apply pressure rather than anogenital distance like in myomorphs

41
Q

What are the main features of rodent respiratory system?

A

They are obligate nasal breathers
They have a high O2 demand
High thoracic wall compliance

42
Q

What are the features of myomorph lungs?

A

Only the right lung is divided - 4 lobes

43
Q

How many lobes does hystricomorph lungs have?

A

Both lungs are lobulated
3 in left
4 in right

44
Q

What kind of diet are myomorphs and hystricomorphs?

A

Myomorphs - omnivores

Hystricomorphs - strict herbivores

45
Q

What are the areas of a myomorph stomach?

A

Non glandular area proximally - proventricular region, translucent
Glandular area distally - fundic region
pyloric region

46
Q

What are the areas in a myomorph stomach separated by? Which animal is it most pronounced in?

A

Limiting ridge - hamster

47
Q

What type of stomach do myomorphs have?

A

Monogastric

48
Q

Where is the caecum located in myomorphs?

A

left caudal abdomen

49
Q

How many lobes does a myomorph liver have?

A

4

50
Q

Do myomorphs have a gall bladder?

A

No

51
Q

What type of stomach do hystricomorphs have?

A

Monogastric

52
Q

What are the features of the hystricomorph stomach?

A

Entirely glandular

53
Q

How many lobes does a guinea pig stomach have?

A

6 lobes

54
Q

Do hystricomorphs have a gall bladder?

A

Yes

55
Q

How many taeniae do guinea pig caecum have?

A

3

56
Q

What occurs in the proximal (ascending) colon in guinea pigs?

A

Separates digesta into faecal pellets and caecotrophs

57
Q

How is a chinchilla GI tract different to a guinea pig?

A

Very long colon - for water conservation

Proximal colon has taeniae and haustra whereas guinea pigs dont have any

58
Q

What kind of uterus do myomorphs have?

A

Duplex uterus

Two cervices in rats, one in gerbil and mouse

59
Q

What kind of uterus do hystricomorphs have?

A

Bicornuate uterus

60
Q

What is the length of gestation in rats and mice?

A

21-23 days

61
Q

What is the length of gestation in hamsters?

A

15-18 days

62
Q

What is the length of gestation in guinea pigs?

A

65 days

63
Q

What is the length of gestation in chinchillas?

A

111 days

64
Q

What is the uterus seal called?

A

Copulatory plug

65
Q

What male sex glands are in close proximity and look lumpy?

A

Vesicular glands - lumpy

Coagulatory glands - underneath

66
Q

What are found on rodent testes?

A

Cranial fat bodies

67
Q

What do guinea pig vesicular glands look like?

A

Curved, tubular

68
Q

What do chinchilla vesicular glands look like?

A

Scrunched up long tubularW pale structures

69
Q

What is important to note about castration?

A

Open inguinal canal

BVSc2 AHS2 (9 decks)

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