Exercise Psychology final - real one Flashcards
What is achievement motivation
person’sorientation to strive for task success,persist in the face of failure, and have pride in accomplishments”
What is the need achievement theory? - motication
Explains why some individuals are more motivated then others
- low achiever avoid failure and to task that are super easy or super hard
- high achievers - want to succed and take pride - dont mind losing as long as they gain soemthing
what is the attribution theory - motivation
Low achiever think when they do well its luck and when they fail its their fault however a high achiever understand that some things are out of their control and when they do poorly then can improve
What is achievement goal theory ?
Low achiever only works to do better than others and to avoid losing
high achoever try not to be too competitive but rather focus on their own capabilities and improve their own goals to become better at a task
What is competence motivation ?
About percieved control and competence
low achiever beleive they have not much control and dont feel competent
High achievers believe they have control over their abilities to learn and perform and feel competent in their sport
How can we implement achievment motivation in professsional practice
Recognize Interactional Factors
2. Emphasize Task & Approach Goals
3. Alter Attributional Feedback
4. Correct Inappropriate Attributions
5. Foster Feelings of Competence & Control
(Weinberg & Gould, 2023)
The ____ of motivation is more important than the ___ of motivation
type is more imporant than amount
What are the three categories of motivation?
amotivation - lack of intention to engage or sustain in target behaviour
extrinsic motivation - engaging because of external factors (having to do the behaviour
intrinsic motivation - engaging in behaviour for perosnal growth and enjoymetn ( wanting to do behaviour)
What are the different types of regulation for amotvation, extrinsic and intrinsic motvaiton
Amotivation - non-regulation
Extrinsic - external reg, introjected reg, identigied reg, integrated reg
Intrinisc - intrinsic reg
What is non regulation?
Does not ingage in behaviour - associated with amotivation
What are the 4 types of regualtion in esxtrinsic motivation?
1) extrinsic regualtion - engages for ecternal incentives like money or rewards
2) introjected reg - engages to avoid feelings of shame/guilt
3) identified reg - engages because the outcome is improtant (get good grades)
4) integrated reg - engages because behaviour is important
what is intrinsic reg?
engages in the behaviour for pleasure and enjoyment
what are the three aspects related to intrinsic regulation/motivation and the self determination theory?
Autonomy - feeling of having choice and ownership in the decision to engage in a behaviour free from external influence
competence - feeling of mastery of skills of behaviour
relatedness - feeling of bonding with others while engaging in the behaviour
What are some things that might determine someone health?
environemnt, education, fianncial and social status, culture, genetics and biology, social environments, personal practices and coping skills, gender
What does COMB stand for/mean
C - capabaility
M- Motivation
O - opportunity
B - behavioyur
what is capability
psychologicla ro physical ability to enact a behabiour
what is motivaiton?
reflective and automatic mechanisms that activate or inhibit bheavuour
what is opportunity?
physical or social environment that enables behaviour
What some intervention functions we can use to improve physical capability?
training, enablement
What are some itnervention functions we can use to improve psychological capability?
Education, training enablement
What are some itnervention functions we can use to improve physical opportunitiy?
training, restriciton, environmental restructuring, enablement
What are some itnervention functions we can use to improve social opportunity?
restriction, environmental remodelling, modelling, enablement
What are some itnervention functions we can use to improve automatic motivation?
persuasion, incentivization, coercion, training, environmental restructuring, modellling, enablement
What are some itnervention functions we can use to improve refelctive motivation
education, persuasuion, incentivization, coercion
What is substance use defined as ?
a maladaptive patter of psychoactive substance use, indicated by at least one of the following:
- Continued use despite knowledge of having persistant and roccuring social occupation psychological, physocal problem that is caused or exacerbated by use of the psychoactive substance
Recurrent use in situations in which the use is physically hazardous (e.g.,
driving while intoxicated)
Substance Use
(American Psychiatric Association, 2013)
what are some things that can influence the onset of substance use?
enhance performance
* Rehabilitation
* Physical appearance
* Lose weight
* Regulate emotions
* External pressure to perform
* Peer pressure
what is overtraining?
short cycle of training in which athletes are exposed to excessive training load
Can lead to burnout
What is burnout
“A physical, emotional, and social withdrawal from a formerly enjoyable
sport activity. This withdrawal is characterized by emotional and physical
exhaustion, reduced sense of accomplishments, and sport devaluation.
Moreover, burnout occurs as a result of chronic stress and motivational
orientations and changes in the athlete.”
WHat are some symptoms of burnout?
Loss of interest
o Lack of desire to play
o Physical exhaustion
o Mental exhaustion
o Lack of caring
o Depression
o Anxiety
WHat can we do about burnout?
Monitor atheltees, communicate, foster autonomu, short-term gaols, manage arousal, imagery, take care of body
what is the 5 stage grief process.
Denial
o Anger
o Bargaining
o Depression
o Acceptance
What are some psychological reacitons associated iwitha thletic injruuies
Identity Loss
o Fear and Anxiety
o Lack of Confidence
o Performance Decrements
o Group Cohesion
How did faster healing occur - psychology wise
goal setting - pos self talk, healing imagery
What is a team?
a group of people who interact with each
other to accomplish shared objectives.”
team is always a group; a group is not always a team
How. can we create effective team climates?
Social Support
* Someone provides a resource intended to enhance the well-being of the recipient.
* Examples?
Proximity
* People are more likely to bond if they are near each other.
* Examples?
Distinctiveness
* Making team members feel unique and distinct from other teams.
* Examples?
Similarity
* Sharing of commitments, attitudes, aspirations, and goals among team members.
* This does not include identifying factors such as race, socioeconomic status, ability, etc.
Task Interdependence
* A team wins together, and a team loses together.
* All these strategies increase team cohesion
What is cohesion?
Cohesion is “a dynamic process in the tendency or a group to stick together in pursuit of shared objectives.”
(Carron & Eys, 2012)
What are the 2 types of cohesion?
Task Cohesion
* The degree to which team members work together to achieve common goals.
Social Cohesion
* The degree to which team members like each other
What can coaches and leaders do to foster cohesion?
Communicate Effectively
* Explain Individual Roles in Team Success
* Set Challenging Group Goals
* Encourage Group Identity
* Avoid Social Cliques
* Use Transformational Leadership
* Avoid Excessive Turnover
* Conduct Team Meetings
* Get to Know Your Team
What is competition?
is a social process that occurs when rewards are given to people on
the basis of how their performances compare with the performances of others
doing the same task or participating on the same event.
What is cooperation?
Is a social process through which performance is evaluated and
rewarded in terms of the collective achievements of a group of people working together to reach a particular goal.
Does competition itself produce negative consequences?
Competition itself does not produce negative
consequences; rather, it is the overemphasis on
winning that is counterproductive
