Excretory system Flashcards
How do mammals remove nitrogenous waste?
• Produce urine
• Excrete urine and faeces separately
• Remove ammonia as urea
How do birds remove nitrogenous waste?
• Produce solid waste - urine and faeces combined
• Remove ammonia as uric acid
State the hormone involved in osmoregulation
Antidiuretic hormone
Describe two roles of the loop of henle
• Reabsorbs water in the descending limb - prevents dehydration
• Reabsorbs ions/sodium in the ascending limb into the blood stream
Explain two functions of the excretory system
• Filtering blood - remove toxic waste products
• Regulate body fluids - maintains homeostasis
Where is urine stored before being removed from the body in mammals?
Bladder
Name three layers of the kidney
• Renal capsule
• Renal cortex
• Renal medulla
• Renal pelvis
What are the three processes in a nephron?
• Ultrafiltration
• Selective reabsorption
• Urine formation
What and where is ultrafiltration?
• Bowmans capsule
• Substances are removed from the blood
What and where is selective reabsorption?
• Loop of Henle
• Substances that the body needs are reabsorbed
What is urine formation?
Substances that are not reabsorbed are removed as urine, formed in nephron and taken to the bladder via the collecting duct
Where is salt reabsorption?
• Loop of Henle
• Proximal convoluted tubule
Name the gland that produces ADH
Pituitary gland
Give 2 excretory system disorders
•Nephritis
•Cirrhosis
Give 3 symptoms of nephritis
•High blood pressure
•Pink urine
•Vomiting and nausea
