Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology Paper 1 > Excretion > Flashcards

Excretion Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Excretion ?

A

The removal of waste products, formed by metabolism, from the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does excretion ensure ?

A

Waste products do not build up to toxic levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Metabolism ?

A

Chemical processes which take place in living cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Waste product?

A

A substance produced by the cells, which would be harmful if allowed to build up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Homeostasis?

A

Process of maintaining optimal conditions in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name 3 organs of excretion & what they excrete

A

Lung - CO2

Kidney - H20, urea & salts

Skin - H20, salts & urea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name the 4 parts that make up urinary system

A

Kidney
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Urea ?

A

Amino acids broken into ammonia & then into urea

- deamination process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Uric acid ?

A

Breakdown of nucleic acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name 3 examples of non-nitrogenous waste

A

Creatinine
Toxins & drugs
Alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Livers role in excretion ?

A

Not excretory organ but many waste products are formed here

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Renal arterys function?

A

Carries oxygen & nitrogenous waste to kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Location & function of adrenal gland

A

Above kidney & secretes aldosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Aldosterone?

A

Controls salt levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Renal veins function ?

A

Carries purified blood to inferior vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Ureter ?

A

Carries urine to bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Bladder ?

A

Stores urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Urethra ?

A

Carries urine to exterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Motor nerve above bladder ?

A

Stimulates contractions of bladder wall

20
Q

Where is kidney found ?

A

Abdominal cavity

21
Q

Hilum ?

A

Where ureter, renal blood vessles & nerves enter & leave

22
Q

Renal capsule ?

A

Protects the kidney & prevents infections in surrounding area

23
Q

Renal cortex?

A

Reddish area made up of renal corpuscles

24
Q

Pyramid ?

A

Made up of collecting ducts

25
Q

Papilla ?

A

Tip of each pyramid; fits into calyx

26
Q

Renal pelvis?

A

Urine drains from calyxes into enlarged upper end of ureter

27
Q

Bowmans capsule + glomerulus = ?

A

Renal corpuscle / malpighian body

28
Q

What are nephrons responsible for ?

A

Removing waste matter from the blood

29
Q

3 functions of nephron

A

Glomerular filtration

Tubular reabsorption

Tubular excretion

30
Q

Glomerular filtration ?

A

Fluid part of blood in renal corpuscle is filtered from glomerulus into cavity of Bowmans capsule

31
Q

Tubular reabsorption ?

A

Fluid flows along renal tubule, useful substances are reabsorbed back into bloodstream depending on needs

32
Q

Tubular excretion ?

A

In addition certain unwanted substances in blood are actively excreted

33
Q

What is pH a measure of ?

A

Hydrogen ion concentration

34
Q

Buffer system ?

A

Chemical substance that prevents great a change in pH by:

  • binding with H ions when pH drops
  • releasing H ions when pH rises
35
Q

Urine ?

A

Filtrate from collecting ducts can be called urine as it contains all substances the body does not need & all needed substances have been reabsorbed

36
Q

Homeostasis: DEHYDRATION

A
  • hypothalamus picks up lack of H20 & sends message to pituitary gland
  • pituitary gland releases more ADH
  • also send message to collecting tubule to open & keep H20 in
  • resulting in less urine
37
Q

Homeostasis: EXCESS WATER

A
  • hypothalamus picks up excess H20 & send message to pituitary gland
  • pituitary gland releases less ADH
  • also send message to collecting tubule to close & release H20
  • more urine
38
Q

Osmoregulation?

A

Maintains balance between water & solute contents

39
Q

4 main functions of kidney

A

Excrete nitrogenous waste

Osmoregulation

Maintain pH of body fluids

Maintain balance of ions

40
Q

In the proximal convoluted tubule what process occurs??

A

Tubular reabsorption

41
Q

What substances are actively absorbed?

A

Amino acids, glucose & water soluble vitamins

42
Q

Where is the energy needed for active absorption from?

A

ATP molecules

43
Q

What are selectively reabsorbed according to the bodies needs ?

A

Sodiums ions & lipids

44
Q

What does ADH stand for ??

A

Anti diuretic hormone

45
Q

What is dialysis ?

A

The movement of molecules between two solutions of different composition down their concentration gradient

46
Q

Podocytes?

A

Specialized epithelial cells that have slits to facilitate the passage of filtrate

Biology Paper 1 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions