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Biology Paper 1 > Animals > Flashcards

Animals Flashcards

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1
Q

Animals are grouped into different ____ according to their ________

A

Phyla

Body plans

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2
Q

4 key feature of body plans

A

Body symmetry & cephalisation
Tissue layers
Number of openings in gut
Coelom

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3
Q

Name, explain & give an example of the 3 different body symmetry

A

Asymmetry - have no mirrored halves eg. sponges

Radial - body parts arranged around a central axis & can therefore be cut in any way to make mirrored halves eg: jellyfish

Bilateral - can cut it lengthwise to make mirrored halves eg: lobster

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4
Q

Cephalisation?

A

Nerve tissue is centralised in the anterior of the body

- makes them more aware of enviroment

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5
Q

Name 2 tissue layers & explain

A

Diploblastic - ectoderm & endoderm

Triploblastic - ectoderm, endoderm & mesoderm

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6
Q

What does the mesoderm allow?

A

Allows organism to develop organs

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7
Q

Name & explain 2 guts

A

Single - taking in food & excreting waste from same opening

Through gut - food taken in through mouth, digested and waste released from other opening

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8
Q

What does the through gut allow?

A

Specialization of parts along the tube

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9
Q

Name & explain 2 coelom types

A

Acoelomate - no body cavity ; body filled with cells

Coelomate - has a body cavity

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10
Q

Advantages of coelomate

A

Allows space for organs & organ systems

Allows peristalsis to occur

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11
Q

Name & give examples of the 6 different phyla

A 
Porifera - sponges
Cnidaria - jellyfish
Platyhelminthes - flat worms
Annelida - worms
Arthropoda - insects
Chordata - vertebrates
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12
Q

Body plan of Phylum Porifera

A 
Asymmetrical 
Acoelomate
No tissue layers
Body supported by skeleton of minute spicules
Digestion takes place intracellularly
Excretion& respiration by diffusion
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13
Q

Body plan of Phylum Cnidaria

A 
Radial symmetry 
Diploblastic tissue layers 
- with mesogloea between layers
Digestive cavity with single opening 
- catch food with aid of tentacles with cniodcytes
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14
Q

Name & give examples of the 2 basic body forms of Phylum Cnidaria

A

Medusae - jellyfish

Polyps - sea anemone

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15
Q

Body plan of Phylum Platyhelminthes

A 
Acoelomate 
Single gut opening 
Bilateral symmetry 
Cephalisation 
Triploblastic tissue layers
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16
Q

Body plan of Phylum Annelida

A 
Bilateral symmetry 
Triploblastic 
Cephalisation 
Coelomate 
Two openings in gut
17
Q

Body plan of Phylum Arthropoda

A 
Bilateral symmetry 
Coelomate
- replaced by a blood filled space called a haemocel; therefore have a open blood system 
Triploblastic 
Cephalisation 
Through-gut
18
Q

Body plan of Phylum Chordata

A 
same as arthropoda 
PLUS:
Notochord 
Hollow, dorsal, tubular nerve chord
Pharyngeal slits

Biology Paper 1 (11 decks)

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