Excretion

Question 1

What is meant by the term excretion?

Answer 1

The removal of waste products of metabolism from an organism: carbon dioxide, water (sweat), urea.

Question 2

State 3 organs of excretion in humans and their waste product

Answer 2

Lungs (carbon dioxide)
Kidney (urea)
Skin (sweat/water/salt)

Question 3

What is meant by the term osmoregulation?

Answer 3

Control of body water levels by the kidney (changes detected by the hypothalamus) due to changes in levels of ADH

Question 4

Where is ADH released from?

Answer 4

Pituitary gland (produced in the hypothalamus)

Question 5

Describe the function of the ureter

Answer 5

Transports urine from the nephron collecting ducts to the bladder

Question 6

Describe the function of the urethra

Answer 6

Transports urine/semen out of the body

Question 7

By what process is blood squeezed at high pressure from the glomerulus into the Bowman’s capsule?

Answer 7

Ultrafiltration

Question 8

By what process is glucose moved back into the bloodstream from the proximal convoluted tubule?

Answer 8

Selective reabsorption

Question 9

If proteins/blood were found in the urine, what condition might a patient have?

Answer 9

High blood pressure

Question 10

If glucose was found in the urine, what condition might a patient have?

Answer 10

Diabetes

Question 11

Describe the role of ADH

Answer 11

When water levels are low in the body, more ADH is released from the pituitary gland; ADH makes the walls of the collecting ducts more permeable; more water is reabsorbed back into the bloodstream; urine produced is more concentrated (less water) and lower in volume

Question 12

Name 3 substances that urine contains

Answer 12

Water
Urea
Ions

Question 13

What structure is found in between the PCT and the DCT in the nephron?

Answer 13

Loop of Henle

Question 14

What organ system contains the kidney, ureter, bladder and urethra?

Answer 14

Urinary