Excretion Flashcards
Excretion
The removal of waste products from the body
Ornithine cycle
Ammonia is too toxic for animals to excrete directly so it gets combined with co2 in the ornithine cycle and it happens in the cytoplasm
Where is blood filtered?
The nephrons
How does the blood enter the Nephron
Through the Renal Artery
What is a bundle of capillaries in the nephron called?
The Glomerulus
Why is the blood inside the glomerulus under high pressure?
This is because the efferent arteriole is smaller in diameter so it is under high pressure
What is the name of the arteriole that takes blood away from the glomerulus?
The efferent arteriole
What is the Arteriole that takes blood into each glomerulus called?
The afferent arteriole
What is the Glomerulus inside off?
A hollow ball called the Bowman’s Capsule
What is the Loop of Henle?
This is used for the reabsorption of water in the kidneys
What gets added to the descending limb and process
Sodium and chloride ions by diffusion
What comes out at the bottom of the descending limb? and process
Sodium and chloride ions by active transport
Where is the loop of Henle found?
The medulla
What is the Loop of Henle an example of?
Countercurrent Multiplier System
What is the ascending limb to water?
It is impermeable so the water stays inside the tubule.
How does water leave the medulla?
As the water potential is lower in the medulla and the descending limb water leaves through osmosis and makes the filtrate more concentrated
How is water potential in the blood monitored?
By cells called osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus
What happens when the water potential gets too low?
The osmoreceptors sends nerve impulses to the posterior pituitary gland to release the hormone ADH
What does ADH do?
It makes the wall of the DCT and collecting duct more permeable to water.
How can kidney failure be detected?
Glomerular filtration rate
How can kidney failure be detected?
Glomerular filtration rate
How can kidney failure be detected?
Glomerular filtration rate
