Biodiversity.

Question 1

Biodiversity

Answer 1

The variety of living organisms in an area

Question 2

Species

Answer 2

a group of similar organisms able to reproduce to give fertile offspring

Question 3

Habitat

Answer 3

The area inhabited by a species includes physical factors like the soil and temperature.

Question 4

Habitat biodiversity

Answer 4

The number of habitats in an are in an area

Question 5

Species diversity

Answer 5

The number of different species and the abundance of each species in an area

Question 6

Genetic diversity

Answer 6

the variation of alleles within a species

Question 7

Systematic sampling

Answer 7

Samples are taken at fixed intervals along a line

Question 8

Oppurunistic

Answer 8

Samples are chosen by an investigator will be biased

Question 9

Stratified

Answer 9

Different areas in a habitat are identified and sampled separately in proportion to their part of the habitat as a whole

Question 10

Species Richness

Answer 10

Number of different species in an area

Question 11

Species eveness

Answer 11

The relative abundance of each species in an area

Question 12

Simpsons index of diversity

Question 13

In situ conservatism

Answer 13

On-site conservation involves protecting species in there own enviroment

Question 14

Genetic polymorphism

Answer 14

• Describes a locus that has two or more alleles

- Working out the proportion of polymorphic gene loci in an organism gives you the measure of genetic diversity

Question 15

Proportion of polymorphic gene loci

Answer 15

Number of polymorphic gene loci/ total number of loci

Question 16

Factors affecting global biodiversity- Human population growth

Answer 16

Human population continues to grow and has done and decreases global biodiversity

Question 17

Human population growth- habitat loss

Answer 17

• Human development is destroying habitats eg deforestation of the amazon rainforest for grazing and agriculture which decreases habitat diversity

Question 18

Over exploitation

Answer 18

A greater demand for resources means a lot of resources are being used up faster than they can be replenished which decreases genetic diversity and species diversity

Question 19

Urbanisation

Answer 19

Cities and road developments can isolate species meaning populations cannot interbreed and genetic diversity decreased

Question 20

Pollution

Answer 20

High amounts of pollutants can kill species and destroy habitats decreasing biodiversity

Question 21

Increased use of monoculture in agriculture

Answer 21

• Large areas of land are devoted to growing one crop in order to feed the growing population
• Habitats are lost in order to make way for large fields reducing habitat diversity
• Local and naturally occurring plants and animals are seen as weeds and pests so are destroyed reducing species biodiversity

Question 22

Ex-situ conservation

Answer 22

• Off-site conservation protecting a species by removing part of the population from a threatened habitat and placing it in a new location

Question 23

Advantages of Ex situ

Answer 23

It can be used to protect individual animals in a controlled controlled environment where hunting and predation can be monitored

Question 24

Disads of ex situ

Answer 24

• Difficult and expensive to create and sustain the correct environment animals which are used to human contact are more suseptible to disease and is usually les successful than in situ

Question 25

Ads of in situ

Answer 25

Both the species and the habitat are conserved and larger populations can be conserved