Classification

Question 1

8 levels of taxonomic hierarchy

Answer 1

Kings Play Chess On Fine Glass Stools

Question 2

Phylogeny

Answer 2

The study of the evolutionary history of groups of organisms tells us who related to whom and hoe closely related they are.

Question 3

Phylogenetic tree

Answer 3

Tree shows the relationship between members of a species or similar ones

Question 4

Intraspecific Variation

Answer 4

Variation within species

Question 5

Interspecific variation

Answer 5

Variation between different species

Question 6

Continuous Variation

Answer 6

Individuals of a population vary within a range there are no distinct categories.

Question 7

Discontinuous Variation

Answer 7

When there are two or more distinct categories no intermediates

Question 8

Adaptations

Answer 8

An organism has features that increase its chances of of survival and reproduction

Question 9

Prokaryote

Answer 9

Unicellular, no nucleus, less than 5 nanometres

Question 10

Protoctista

Answer 10

Algae, protozoa - Eukaryotic cells, usually live in water, single celled or simple multicellular organisms

Question 11

Fungi

Answer 11

Moulds, yeasts, mushrooms - Eukaryotic, chitin cell wall, saprotrophic, single celled or multicellular organisms

Question 12

Plantae

Answer 12

Mosses, ferns- Eukaryotic, multicellular, cellulose cell walls, contain chlorophyll and can photosynthesise, autotrophic

Question 13

Animalia

Answer 13

Mammals, birds- eukaryotic, multicellular, no cell walls, heterotrophic

Question 14

How are classification systems made?

Answer 14

Through observable features as well as molecular evidence such as similar amino acids sequences and proteins sequence of bases etc.
Embryological evidence is the similarities in early stages of development
Anatomical which looks at similarities in structure and function of different body parts.

Question 15

Genetic factors that cause variation

Answer 15

The genes and alleles an organism has make up its genotype and the difference in genotype result in variation in phenotype which are the characteristics displayed by an organism.

Question 16

Environmental factors that cause variation

Answer 16

Differences in environment eg climate and food and characteristics controlled by these factors can change over an organisms life.

Question 17

Both genetic and enviromental

Answer 17

Genetics determine what characteristics an organism is born with but environmental factors can influence how some characteristics are developed eg height.

Question 18

Behavioural adaptations

Answer 18

Ways an organism acts to increase it chances of survival for example possums play dead to escape and scorpions dance before mating for succesful mating

Question 19

Physiological adaptations

Answer 19

Processes inside and organisms body that increases chances of survival for example brown bears hibernating to lower rate of metabolism, conserving energy increasing chance of survival

Question 20

Anatomical adaptations

Answer 20

Structural features of an organisms that increases chances of survival. eg otters have streamlined shape making it easier to glide through water to escape predators or get prey.

Question 21

Marsupial mammals

Answer 21

Short gestation period

• don’t develop a full placenta
• Born early in development and climb into the mothers pouch and get attached to a teat where they continue to develop.

Question 22

Placental mammals

Answer 22

Longer gestation period
- Develop a placenta during pregnancy allows the exchange of nutrients and waste products between foetus and mother and born more fully developed.