Exam2

Question 1

You have come on board a new project team and have been advised that the project works with a waterfall style project lifecycle. How will you know you are working in a waterfall style approach?

• The project uses feature sprints, Kanban boards and retrospectives to manage their work.
• A product roadmap is created and smaller features are designed and released as part of the whole.
• The bulk of planning is done up front, then executed in a single, sequential process.
• The bulk of planning is done up front, then prototypes are created to gather feedback before moving on to the next step.

Answer 1

• The bulk of planning is done up front, then executed in a single, sequential process.

Question 2

Agile has certain core practices which are used within any team working in an Agile way. Which of following statements is NOT a core practice of Agile?
Select one alternative:

• The whole team approach, where every person needed is brought into the project team.
• Reporting to executives, to ensure that they are happy with your project.
• Early and frequent feedback, to ensure a common understanding of the product.
• Daily stand-ups, to report progress and raise up blockers.

Answer 2

• Reporting to executives, to ensure that they are happy with your project.

Question 3

Project manager’s roles and functions:
Below you will find some statements about the role and functions of the steering committee. Click if the statements are either Correct or Incorrect

• The members of the steering committee are accountable for decisions affecting the variables in the project triangle
• The project manager is one of the decision makers in the steering committee
• The chart of a project organisation does not always contain a steering committee
• The steering committee is responsible for writing the project plan
• The steering committee is responsible for making the tollgate decisions

Answer 3

CORRECT - The members of the steering committee are accountable for decisions affecting the variables in the project triangle

INCORRECT - The project manager is one of the decision makers in the steering committee

CORRECT - The chart of a project organisation does not always contain a steering committee

INCORRECT - The steering committee is responsible for writing the project plan

CORRECT - The steering committee is responsible for making the tollgate decisions

Question 4

A pre-study may include a lot of activities. Which three of the following activities will most likely be part of it?

• Define the acceptance procedure with answers on what, how, when and who.
• Invite those executing the project to a kick off meeting.
• Make a project plan.
• Contract sub-contractors
• Decide what governing parameter of the project is most important.
• Define the expected end result.
• Staff the project and executive groups
• Perform a PENG-analysis

Answer 4

• Define the acceptance procedure with answers on what, how, when and who.
• Decide what governing parameter of the project is most important.
• Staff the project and executive groups

Question 5

The MBTI-test:
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator: is an instrument that situates a person based on four different dimensions, for instance, extroversion-introversion.
Which two of the following alternatives correspond to the assumption of the MBTI-test?

• Where you focus your attention is example of the of thinking and feeling.
• Where you focus your attention is example of the of judgment and sensing.
• How individuals interpret information is an example of extroversion and introversion.
• How individuals take in information are examples of sensing and intuition.
• How individuals interpret information is an example of perception and sensing.
• How individuals relate to their surroundings are examples of judging and perceiving.

Answer 5

• How individuals interpret information is an example of extroversion and introversion.
• How individuals take in information are examples of sensing and intuition.

Question 6

Which alternative is the correct order of the so called feedback staircase?

• Understanding, explaining, denying, and rejecting
• Explaining, denying, rejecting, and understanding
• Denying, explaining, rejecting, and understanding.
• Rejecting, explaining, denying, and understanding.
• Rejecting, denying, explaining, and understanding

Answer 6

• Rejecting, denying, explaining, and understanding

Question 7

The project group consist of the project manager, Elizabeth Bergman (Msc Industrial Engineering), Lena Andersson (PhD Industrial Ergonomics), Heather Smith (Msc Industrial Logistics), Project administrator, Peter Persson (BA Communication) and Project accountant Paul Jepson (BA accounting). The scope of the project is to develop a new product category: ergonomic furniture for public space. The 15th each month is the date for delivering progression in the project. On the 17th during the project meeting Lena shares that she will send this month’s update on progression to the CEO at the end of the day. The project manager, listens and write down the information.
Which of the following statements are the two best alternatives?

• The behavior is illustrating tolerance towards a high-status member in the group.
• This behavior will change the norms in relation to deadlines.
• This behavior is illustrating tolerance towards a low-status member in the group.
• This behavior is illustrating a group process where identification is increasing.

Answer 7

• The behavior is illustrating tolerance towards a high-status member in the group.
• This behavior is illustrating a group process where identification is increasing.

Question 8

What does Xenofobi mean?

• A master suppression technique
• A concept for structural power related to sex
• Fear of the unknown
• A counter strategy for a master suppression technique

Answer 8

• Fear of the unknown

Question 9

Which two alternatives correspond to Herzberg ́s theory of motivation?

• Motivators are factors that lead to higher motivation and better performance although the hygiene factors are not meeting the expectations of the coworker.
• A salary that is unfair will give rise to satisfaction.
• Examples of motivator factors are work contract and safe work environment
• Hygiene factors cause dissatisfaction for coworker if perceived as inadequately fulfilled.
• Motivators are factors that lead to higher motivation and better performance if hygiene factors meet the expectations of the coworker.

Answer 9

• Hygiene factors cause dissatisfaction for coworker if perceived as inadequately fulfilled.
• Motivators are factors that lead to higher motivation and better performance if hygiene factors meet the expectations of the coworker.

Question 10

Which of the following statements corresponds to the assumptions on the importance of rules for collaboration in work group?
Two alternatives are the preferred choice

• Outspoken (explicit) and clear rules create conditions for relations in a work group that are perceived as safe.
• Unclear and implicit rules create conditions for relations in a work group to be manipulated.
• Unclear and implicit rules create conditions for relations in a work group to be perceived as safe.
• Outspoken and straightforward rules create conditions for relations to be perceived as unsafe.

Answer 10

• Outspoken (explicit) and clear rules create conditions for relations in a work group that are perceived as safe.
• Unclear and implicit rules create conditions for relations in a work group to be manipulated.

Question 11

A member in your project group is talking to you. While she is talking about a person representing a client, her body posture is tens and she shows frustration in the way she talks. She is describing how she is perceiving the client representative and she draws the Johari-window (below) and says, “This is the way he is…”.
Known by me
Which of the following statements are the two best ways to describe the illustration?

• The illustration is communicating a big blind spot, which implies that this person is unaware of the impression they are making.
• This illustration is communicating a big hidden area and small blind spot, which implies that this person intentionally move aside.
• The illustration is communicating a big blind spot, which implies that this person can be percived as opinionated and annoying, due to their straightforwardness.
• The illustration is communicating a big arena, which implies that this person is feeling comfortable with receiving reactions on their ideas and behaviors.
• The illustration is communicating a big blind spot which implies other people see me as a ‘clam’.

Answer 11

• This illustration is communicating a big hidden area and small blind spot, which implies that this person intentionally move aside.
• The illustration is communicating a big blind spot which implies other people see me as a ‘clam’.

Question 12

How can you act as a co-worker to facilitate a social sustainable work life?

• Be transparent with your needs, feelings, and thoughts to create trust within work relations.
• Maximizing profit is essential and central. As a project manager, you should always keep the deadline for the project.
• Argue for your cause to the extent that the other party perceives a high-stress level.
• A socially sustainable society implies a work-life that reproduces gender inequality.

Answer 12

• Be transparent with your needs, feelings, and thoughts to create trust within work relations.

Question 13

Which two of the following statements are not consistent with Bion’s group theory?

• The “Basic Assumption Group” is a group that is open towards its surroundings, and can in a constructive way communicate and identify problems from several perspectives.
• The “Basic Assumption Group” is a group that relies blindly on the leader to solve all problems. They don’t need to take any responsibility.
• The fight mode in the “Basic Assumption Group”, is characterized by a warm atmosphere with playful flirting, however under the surface there are jealousy and envy.
• A group characterized by “Workgroup” here the tasks are in focus - the group work as a team and is focused on working towards the goal.
• A group normally shift between the conditions of a “Workgroup” and a “Basic assumption group”.

Answer 13

• The “Basic Assumption Group” is a group that relies blindly on the leader to solve all problems. They don’t need to take any responsibility..
• A group characterized by “Workgroup” here the tasks are in focus - the group work as a team and is focused on working towards the goal.(ich glaub eig. eher das mit’m Flirten, bin mir aber selbst unsicher lol)

Question 14

Different phases in the FIRO model requires different kind of leadership. Which of the following statements is NOT consistent with the FIRO model.

• During the turbulent “control phase” (i.e when goals are questioned, roles are find etc), its advisable as a group leader to micromanaged the work of the group and act as an highly authoritarian leader.
• In the “openness phase” the leader should allow the group to solve the problems and work as a facilitator by working in the background as a coach and only giving advice if asked, s/he should avoid unnecessary changes for the group, for instance not allowing new group members to come on board.
• During the “inclusion phase” the leadership could facilitate the group development process by providing clear mission and direction for the group members.

Answer 14

• During the turbulent “control phase” (i.e when goals are questioned, roles are find etc), its advisable as a group leader to micromanaged the work of the group and act as an highly authoritarian leader.

Question 15

Based on the following statements which corresponds to Jansson and Ljung’s (2017) reasoning on characteristics of the project work form and leadership?

• Projects are measured through short-term results, and requires an emphasis on task-orientation.
• In project the work is immature, preferred situational leadership styles are delegating and participating.
• Projects are measured through long-term results, and requires an emphasis on people- orientation.
• In projects the goals is abstract and requires transactional leadership.
• In project the work is immature, preferred situational leadership styles are instructing and coaching.
• In projects the goals is abstract and requires transformational leadership.

Answer 15

• In project the work is immature, preferred situational leadership styles are delegating and participating.
• In projects the goals is abstract and requires transactional leadership.

Question 16

A project group consists of the project manager, Lena Andersson (Msc Industrial Engineering), Hans Henriksson (PhD Industrial Ergonomics), Hannes Smith (Msc Industrial Logistics), Project administrator, Peter Persson (BA Communication) and Project accountant Paul Jepson (BA accounting).
The project’s scope is to identify and test a new automation system in the warehouse. At the start of the meeting, the project manager wants the project members to deliver an update on the project’s progression. The sharp increase in electricity cost jeopardizes the project budget by
500 000 SEK.
After Hans and Hannes presentation of their updates, Lena asks for possible solutions to decrease the costs in the project. She looks at Peter, giving a signal that he should be the first to start to share his ideas. Then Paul leans backward and makes a large sigh, and says “But Lena, please give us some direction. We all shared our input on this issue in the last meeting”. Lena says: “OK, then I decide that we postpone the procurement of subsystems two and three”. Paul leans forward and says: “But ‘oj’[in a surprised tone not appreciating the speed and clarity of Lena]’, wait…what financial estimations do you base your decision on?”.
What type of behavior can be identified in the case above?

• The behavior is illustrating ‘no way to win’.
• The behavior is illustrating ‘objectification’.
• The behavior is ‘withholding of information’.
• The behavior is illustrating ‘ridiculing’.

Answer 16

• The behavior is ‘withholding of information’.

Question 17

Maria invited four group members to attend a meeting with her, in which each of them got the chance to give their side of the story. After a long meeting, where it was concluded that all of them had probably mostly been worried about not being able to do a good enough job, they agreed that the problem was not about them but about the work situation.
Based on the illustration above, which conflict strategy is most active during the conversation?

• Conflict strategy of avoiding.
• Conflict strategy of mitigate/accommodating.
• Conflict strategy of competition.
• Conflict strategy of fight.

Answer 17

• Conflict strategy of mitigate/accommodating.

Question 18

Which of the following two statements corresponds to the Attribution theory?

• The fundamental attribution error implies that we tend to judge our own mistakes by unfortunate external circumstances.
• We tend to ascribe others’ mistakes to unfortunate external circumstances.
• The fundamental attribution error implies that we tend to judge others by their internal causes (i.e. the person’s qualities).
• Attribution process implies that individuals looks for objective causes in his or her expert area.
• The fundamental attribution error implies that we tend to judge others by the objective observation we did of an situation.

Answer 18

• We tend to ascribe others’ mistakes to unfortunate external circumstances.
• The fundamental attribution error implies that we tend to judge others by their internal causes (i.e. the person’s qualities).

Question 19

Which of the alternatives corresponds to the theory? Two alternatives are the preferred choice

• A key characteristic of this leadership style is a concern for product only.
• According to Goleman, acting authoritatively will contribute to create an emotional climate.
• The affiliative leadership style implies that the leader develops emotional ties between the participants.
• The coaching leadership style implies that the coworkers feel personally selected and appreciated.

Answer 19

• According to Goleman, acting authoritatively will contribute to create an emotional climate.
• The coaching leadership style implies that the coworkers feel personally selected and appreciated.

Question 20

Which of the following statements corresponds to the reasoning of gender and project management according to research by Olofsdotter and Randevåg (2015)?

• In project organization multiple femininity coexist and overlap. Both men and women (Project Manager) must deal with these femininity discourses.
• In project organization multiple masculinities coexist and overlap. Both men and women (Project Manager) must deal with these masculine discourses.
• Feminine logic systems are dominating the best practice in project management.
• Examples of femininity in project management are goal orientation, rationality and competitiveness.

Answer 20

• In project organization multiple masculinities coexist and overlap. Both men and women (Project Manager) must deal with these masculine discourses.

Question 21

Ida is listening and showing confirmation of the ideas for the spaghetti tower presented by Niclas and Isabell. She reminds the group about the agreed-upon goals: 1) to build the highest and 2) the most stable tower. She then asks Melisa, who has been silent, what part of the construction she wants to take responsibility for.
The behavior of Ida is (according to Belbin) typical for the role of a:

• Specialist
• Shaper
• Resource investigator
• Plant
• Coordinator

Answer 21

• Coordinator