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APES > Exam Specific > Flashcards

Exam Specific Flashcards

Practice test questions I got wrong & extra tidbit info that may be on the exam

1
Q

Ballasts

A

are the bottom of cargo ships that are commonly filled with water to prevent being topheavy, the water may contain foreign fish

how some invasive animals get to new locations

likely an invasive species question

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2
Q

Number of sentences

Identify

A

1 sentence

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3
Q

Number of sentences

Describe

A

2 sentences

Identify sentence + (which/because/such as/thus, etc)

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4
Q

Number of sentences

Explain

A

3 sentences

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5
Q

Number of Sentence

Propose a solution

A

1-2 Sentences

(Include: Action, Legislation, Educating)

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6
Q

Number of Sentences

Make a claim

A

1-2 sentences

ex: Make a claim for how the addition of compost would affect the fertility of soil.
The addition of compost would increase soil fertility

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7
Q

Justify

A

1 - 2 sentences

use numbers to show evidence if possible

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8
Q

When identifying a value…

A

give a specific amount/point
(not a range!!!)

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9
Q

Structure of a scientific question

A

How does the presence of (indepentdent value) effect (dependent value)?

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10
Q

Structure of a hypothesis

A

If there is an increase or decrease in (Independent varible) then the (dependent varible)…

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11
Q

What drives the circulation pattern at the equator?

A

Hadley Cells

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12
Q

Pioneer Species

A

the first organisms to populate a barren area

in primary succession it is moss & lichens

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13
Q

What explains why the lower portion of the troposphere is warmer than the upper portion?

A

The air in the lower portion of the troposphere is less dense than the air in the upper portion

Cooler air = more dense
Warmer air = less dense

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14
Q

Which would best combat low electricity gen. from rootop solar panels?

A: installing active solar systems on shaded rooftops, facing northeast
B: installing passive solar systems on shaded rooftop space facing northeast
C: installing active solar systems on unshadeded rooftop facing south

A

C: installing active solar systems on unshadeded rooftop facing south

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15
Q

What gh gas is paired with its anthropogenic source?

A: Mathane - Motor Emmissions
B: Nitrous Oxide - Agricultural Practice
C: CFCs - Fossil Fuel Combustion
D: CO2 - Solid Waste from Homes

A

B: Nitrous Oxide - Agricultural Practice

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16
Q

Based on the data in the graph, which of the following best describes the reproductive strategy of rabbits?
A: K-selected species
B: r-selected species
C: Type 1 survivorship
D: Type 2 survivorship

A
17
Q

The thick forest of this biome tends to be well adapted to short growing seasons

A

Taiga

18
Q

Transform boundaries

A

places where plates slide sideways past each other

19
Q

Which of the following negative consequences is most often associated with using biomass for energy production?
A: causes long-term storage for radioactive waste.
B: can increase salinization in agricultural fields
C: releases carbon sequestered in fossil fuels into the atmosphere
D: can result in local deforestation

A

D: can result in local deforestation

20
Q

What change would lead a mammal population to exceed carrying capacity?

A: An increase in mortality of adults during mating season
B: A decrease in the food supply immediately after offspring are born
C: An increase in the number of predators immediately after offspring are born
D: A decrease in the number adult females during mating season

A

B: A decrease in the food supply immediately after offspring are born

habitat can no longer support the new individuals due to food scarcity

21
Q

Which shows the reactants that form tropospheric (ground-level) ozone

A: SO2+H2O
B: O2⁢+C6H12O6
C: NO2 + VOCs2 + O2 + Sunlight
D: CO2 + H2O + Sunlight

A

C: NO2 + VOCs2 + O2 + Sunlight

22
Q

Causes saltwater intrusion in coastal city’s freshwater municipal wells

A: Destruction of forests, which increases the amount of sediment entering ocean water
B: Increase in impervious surfaces, which increases groundwater pollution
C: Changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, which change the pH of ocean water
D: Urbanization and population growth, which lead to over pumping from aquifers

A

D: Urbanization and population growth, which lead to over pumping from aquifers

23
Q

The Chatham Island robin is a small endangered bird found in scrub forests off the coast of New Zealand. The robin is preyed upon by introduced species such as cats and rats. In 1980, the population decreased to only 5 individuals and every individual today is a descendant of a single female. What best illustrates the decline of the Chatham Island robins?

A

Population bottleneck

24
Q

Thermal inversions in mountainous coastal areas are caused by ???? and can contribute to ???? formation by trapping pollutants.

A

Thermal inversions in mountainous coastal areas are caused **by weather conditions ***(not by the combustion of fossil fuels) *and can contribute to photochemical smog formation by trapping pollutants.

25
Q

METHANE COMES FROM?

A

THE DECOMPOSITION OF ORGANIC MATTER

26
Q

Reproductive strategy refers to…

A

K or r-select species

(survivorship type is related but not the same thing)

27
Q

What is a realistic way farmers can decrease fertilizer/sediment runoff

A: Using integrated pest management
B: Switching from drip irrigation to furrow irrigation in fields
C: Practicing crop rotation
D: Applying manure immediately before precipitation occur

A

C: Practicing crop rotation

28
Q

What is the most common, natural source of atmospheric carbon dioxide?

A

Respiration

29
Q

Percent change formula

A

Final - Initial
——————-
|Inital|

30
Q

Primary producers in an ecosystem store 25,000 kcal/m2/yr of energy. How much energy is available for tertiary consumers in this ecosystem?

A

Primary Consumers: 2,500
Secondary Consumers: 250
Teritiary Consumers: 25

31
Q

Percentage of an Amount Formula

A

portion number
—————– × 100
total

32
Q

The NPP of a pine forest on a lava flow on Mount Fuji is 175,000 kcal/m^2/yr and the CR is 115,000 kcal/m^2/yr. What is the total energy transferred during photosynthesis for this ecosystem?

(What is the GPP?)

A

290,000kcal/m^2/yr

GPP = NPP - CR

33
Q

What is the least likely result of global warming?

A

Decreased rate of photosynthesis in vegetation is least likely to be an effect of global warming

34
Q
A

APES (10 decks)

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