exam part 2 Flashcards
ambi-
both
audi/o
hearing
ton/o
tension
palpebr/o
eyelid
-opia
visual condition
blephar/o
eyelid
xer/o
dry
labyrinth/o
inner ear
vitre/o
glassy
dacry/o
tears
phacoemulsification
the use of ultrasound to break up the lens
ot/o
ear
tympan/o
eardrum
otalgia
ear pain
blepharoptosis
drooping of the upper eyelid
blepharospasm
twitching of the eyelid muscles
vitreous humor
jelly-like substance in the posterior cavity; gives shape to the eye
uveitis
inflammation of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid
amblyopia
dullness or dimness of vision
retina
changes energy of the light rays into nerve impulses
hyperopia
farsighted
palpebral
pertaining to the eyelid
aphakia
absence of the lens of the eye
presbyopia
loss of accommodation due to aging
ectropion
turning out or eversion of an eyelid
iridectomy
surgical extraction of a small segment of the iris
purulent
containing pus
esotropia
one eye turns inward ‘crosseyes’
ophthalmoscopy
examination of the external and internal structures of the eye
tympanotomy
a surgical incision into the eardrum
tonometry
the process of determining intraocular pressure
audiometry
study of hearing
otoscopy
using a tool to examine the outer ear and eardrum
presbycusis
hearing loss due to aging
tinnitus
ringing in the ears
tympanoplasty
surgical repair of the eardrum
otosclerosis
the stapes becomes secured to the oval window
external auditory canal
tube that leads from the auricle to the middle ear
cerumen
earwax
acoustic
pertaining to sound or hearing
conductive deafness
deafness; due to breakdown of the transmission of sound waves
sensorineural deafness
deafness; due to damage to the cochlea or auditory nerve
ENT
ears nose throat
ECCE
extracapsular cataract extraction
PERRLA
pupils equal; react to light and accommodation
Acc
accommodation
OD
right eye
AS
left ear
IOP
intraocular pressure
AU
each ear
cyst/o
bladder, sac, cyst
glomerul/o
glomerulus
pyel/o
renal pelvis
ureter/o
ureter
ur/o
urine
vesic/o
urinary bladder
urethr/o
urethra
meat/o
meatus
nephr/o
kidney
uria
urine condition
micturition
urination
clean catch specimen
a collection of urine used to prevent contamination of the urine specimen from microorganisms normally present on the external genitals
hydronephrosis
distension of the pelvis and calyces of the kidney caused by urine that cannot flow past an obstruction
phimosis
a tightness of the prepuce of the penis which prevents it from being pulled back
specific gravity
weight of a substance compared to equal volume of water
nocturia
getting up and urinating at night
pyelonephritis
a bacterial infection of the renal pelvis
perioneal dialysis
a mechanical filtering process used to cleanse the blood of waste products
chancre
a skin lesion caused by syphilis
retrograde pyelogram
use of a small caliber catheter into the ureters to visualize the ureters and the pelvis
prepuce
forskin
balanitis
inflammation of the glans penis
cryptorchidism
an undescended testicle
hypospasias
a congenital defect where the urethra opens on the underside of the penis
VDRL
a serological test for syphilis widely used to test for primary and secondary syphilis
cystoscopy
a visual inspection of the urinary bladder
impotence
the inability of a male to achievve or sustain an erection
varicocele
abnormal dilation of the viens in the spermatic cord
prostatectomy
surgical removal of the prostate gland
albuminuria
excess protein in the urine
pyuria
pus in the urine
dysuria
difficult or painful urination
3 characteristics of urine
specific gravity, odor, clarity
prostatitis
inflammation of the prostate
glycosuria
abnormal surgar in urine
polydipsia
excessive thirst
BUN
blood urea nitrogen
ESRD
end-stage renal disease
ESWL
extracoporeal shock-wave lithotripsy
CAPD
continous ambulatory periteneal dialysis
KUB
kidney, ureters, bladder
UA
urinalysis
BPH
benign prostatic hypertophy
GC
gonnorrhea
GU
genuitorurinary
TURP
transurethral resection of the prostate
arche
beginning
gynec/o
woman
mamm/o
brest
men/o
menstruation
my/o
muscle
oophor/o
ovary
ov/o
egg
salping/o
fallopian tubes
uter/o
uterus
vagin/o
vagina
metrorrhagia
uterine bleeding at times other than the menstrual period
adnexa
tissues or structures in the body that are next to or near to each other
climacteric
cessation of menstruation
tubal ligation
cutting and tying of the fallopian tubes
endometriosis
presence and growth of endometrial tissue outside of the endometrium
CIS
carcinoma in situ
D&C
dilatation and curettage
GYN
gynecology
IUD
intrauterine device
LMP
last menstrual period
PID
pelvic inflammatory disease
SVD
spontaneous vaginal delovery
TAH
total abdominal hysterectomy
pelvimetry
process of measuring the female pelvis, manually or by x-ray to determine its adequacy for childbearing
amniocentesis
surgical puncture of the amniotic sac for the purpose of removing amniotic fluid
amni/o
amnion
ante-
before; in front
gravida
pregnancy
nat/o
birth
nulli-
none
para
to bear
tocia
labor
primipara
a woman who has given birth for the first time
multigravida
a woman who has been pregnant more than once
abruptio placenta
premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall
hyperemesis
severe vomiting during pregnancy that results in dehydration and weight loss
corpus luteum
the yellowing mas that forms within the ruptured ovarian follicle
myometrium
the muscular layer of the uterus
fimbriae
the fringe-like ends of the fallopian tubes
endometrium
the innermost lining of the uterus
perineum
the area between the vaginal orifice and the anus
ectopic pregnancy
abnormal implantation of a fertilized ovum outside the uterine cavity
vulva
the female external genitalia
placenta previa
condition where the placenta is implanted in the lower part of the uterus and procedes the fetus during the birthing process
ven/o
vein
rect/o
rectum
bucc/o
cheek
toxic/o
poison
esthesi/o
feeling, sensation
lingu/o
tongue
alges/o
sensitivity to pain
desired effect
the effect that was intended for a drug
antidiabetic
helps control blood sugar
tolerance
the body’s decreased response to a drug
transdermal
a method of applying a drug to unbroken skin
hypnotic
induces sleep or dulls the senses
therapeutic dose
the dose of a medication that achieves the desired effect
anticoagulant
prevents clot formation
antihypertensive
prevents or controls high blood pressure
contraindication
any special symptom or circumstance that indicates that the use of a particular drug or procedure is dangerous, not advised, or has not been proven safe for administration
anaphylactic shock
a life-threatening hypersensitive reaction to a food or drug
oral medication
taken by mouth and swallowed
2 routes used for a suppository
rectal, vaginal
parenteral medications
any medication taken not including the gastrointestinal system
ID
intradermal 10 to 15 degrees
IV
intravenous 25 degrees
IM
intramuscular 90 degrees
antiemetic
prevents or relieves nausea and vomiting
antidiuretic
suppresses the formation of urine
tolerance
body’s decreased response to a drug due to repeated use
therapeutic dose
dose of medication that achieves desired effect
antitussive
relieves cough due to various causes
toxicology
the study of poisons, their detection, effects, etc
idosyncrasy
an unusual inappropriate response to a drug
pharmacology
the study of how drugs interact in the human body
immunosuppressant
suppresses the body’s natural response to an antigen
cumulation
occurs when a drug is not completely excreted before another dose
gt., gtt
drop, drops
n.p.o., NPO
nothing by mouth
c
with
p
after
PRN
as needed
a.c.
before meals
b.i.d.
twice a day
qh
every hour
OTC
over the counter
FDA
food and drug adminastration
t.i.d.
three times a day
h.s.
bedtime
q.i.d.
four times a day
Drug schedule ll
accepted medical use but have a high potential for abuse and addiction
Drug schedule lV
have less potential for abuse or addiction
Drug shcedule lll
have moderate potential for abuse or addiction
phoria
emotional state
mania
madness
ment/o
mind
schiz/o
split
hypn/o
sleep
cata
down
phobia
abnormal fear
phren/o
mind
phil/o
attraction to
somat/o
body
psych/o
mind
aut/o
self
iatrist
one who treats
narcolepsy
sleep disorder
bipolar disorder
mood disorder
obsessive-compulsive disorder
anxiety disorder
hypochondriasis
factitious disorder
dementia
cognitive disorder
projection
the act of transferring one’s own unacceptable thoughts or feelings on to someone else
repression
an involuntary bolocking of unpleasant feelings and experences from one’s conscious mind
regression
a response to stress in which the individual reverts to an earlier level of development and the comfort measures associated with that level of functioning
introjection
an ego defense mechanism whereby an individual unconsciously indentifies with another person or with some object
compensation
an effort to overcome, or make up for, real or imagined inadequacies
suppression
the voluntary blocking of unpleasant feelings and experiences from one’s mind
rationalization
attempting to make excuses or invent logical reasons to justify unacceptable feelings or behaviors
displacement
the process of transferring a feeling or emotion from the original idea or object to a substitute idea or object
sublimation
rechanneling or redirecting one’s unacceptable impulses and drives in constructive activities
denial
a refusal to admit or acknowledge the reality of something, thus avoiding emotional conflict or anxiety
2 eating disorders
anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa
exhibitionism
disorder involving exposure of one’s genitals to a stranger
frotteurism
disorder in which the individual gains sexual stimulation or excitement by rubbing up against a non-consenting person
masochism
disorder that involves the act of being hymiliated, beaten, bound or otherwise made to suffer
psychoanalysis
analyzes the individuals unconscious thought using free association, questioning, probing, and analyzing
group therapy
application of psychotherapeutic techniques within a small group of people that experience similar difficulties
electroconvulsive therapy
process of passing an electric current through the brain to create a brief seizure
purging
means of ridding the body of what has been consumed
dementia
a progressive organic mental disorder characterized by chronic personality disintegration, confusion, disorientation, stupor, deterioration of intellectual capacity
euphoria
sense of well-being or elation
factitious disorder
deliberate faking of symptoms of a disease or injury
affect
observable evidence of a person’s feelings or emotions
anxiety
disorders characterized by chronic worry
hallucination
subjective perception of something that does not exist
hypochondriasis
chronic abnormal concern about the health of the body
amnesia
loss of memory
lithium
a drug useful in treating the manic phase of bipolar disorder
OCD
obsessive-compulsive disorder
ADHD
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
IQ
intelligence quotient
DT’s
delirium tremens
CA
chronological age
