Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology 2 > Chapter 8 Nervous System > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Nervous System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

alges/o

A

sensitivity to pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

brady-

A

slow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

cerebell/o

A

cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

-esthesia

A

sensation or feeling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cerbr/o

A

cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

-kinesi/o

A

movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

-lexia

A

reading

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

esthesi/o

A

feeling, sensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

thec/o

A

sheath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ventricul/o

A

ventricle of brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ton/o

A

tension, tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

narc/o

A

sleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

encephal/o

A

brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

crani/o

A

cranium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

myel/o

A

spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

-paresis

A

partial paralysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

-phasia

A

speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

-plegia

A

paralysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

-algia

A

pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

a-

A

without

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

an-

A

without

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

alges/o

A

sensitivity to pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

-asthenia

A

strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

gli/o

A

gluey substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

-kinesia

A

movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

menig/o

A

meninges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

neur/o

A

nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

-praxia

A

perform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

ALS

A

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

CNS

A

central nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

CSF

A

cerebrospinal fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

CVA

A

cerebrovascular accident

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

EEG

A

electroencephalogram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

LP

A

lumbar puncture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

MRI

A

magnetic resonance imaging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

MS

A

multiple sclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

PET

A

positron emission tomography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

PNS

A

peripheral nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

REM

A

rapid eye movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

SNS

A

somatic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

TENS

A

trancutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

TIA

A

transient ischemic attack

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

absence seizure

A

a small seizure in which there is a sudden temporary loss of consciousness lasting only a few seconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

acetylcholine

A

chemical substance that facilitates the transmission of nerve impulses from one nerve to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

afferent nerves

A

transmitters of nerve impulses toward the CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

agnosia

A

loss of mental ability to understand sensory stimuli

47
Q

agraphia

A

the inability to convert ones thoughts into writing

48
Q

alexia

A

inability to understand written words

49
Q

aneurysm

A

a localized dilatation in the wall of an artery that expands with each pulsation of the artery

50
Q

aphasia

A

inability to communicate through speech, writing, or signs

51
Q

apraxia

A

inability to perform coordinated movements or use objects properly

52
Q

arachnoid membrane

A

web like middle layer of the three membranous layers surrounding the brain and spinal cord

53
Q

astrocyte

A

star-shaped neurogllia cell found in the CNS

54
Q

astrocytoma

A

tumor of the brain or spinal cord composed of astrocytes

55
Q

ataxia

A

without muscular coordination

56
Q

aura

A

sensation an individual experiences prior to the onset of a migraine headache

57
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

part that regulates the involuntary vital functions of the body

58
Q

axon

A

part of the nerve cell that transports nerve impulses away from the nerve cell body

59
Q

blood-brain barrier

A

protective characteristic of the capillary walls of the brain that prevents the passage of harmful substances

60
Q

burr hole

A

a hole drilled into the skull using a form of drill

61
Q

caucla equina

A

the lower end of the spinal cord and the roots of the spinal nerves that occupy the spinal canal

62
Q

causalgia

A

a sensation of an acute burning pain along the path of a peripheral nerve

63
Q

cephalalgia

A

headache

64
Q

cerebral concussion

A

brief interruption of brain function

65
Q

cerebral contusion

A

small scattered venous hemorrhages in the brain

66
Q

cerebrum

A

the largest part of the brain

67
Q

cerebellum

A

part of the brain responsible for coordinating voluntary muscular movement

68
Q

contracture

A

permanent shortening of a muscle causing a joint to remain in a abnormally flexed position

69
Q

convolution / gyrus

A

one of the many elevated folds of the surface of the cerebrum

70
Q

dura mater

A

the outermost of the three membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord

71
Q

hemiplegia

A

full paralysis of one half of the body

72
Q

kinesiology

A

the study of muscle movement

73
Q

lethargy

A

a state of being sluggish

74
Q

meninges

A

the three layers of protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord

75
Q

nuchal rigidity

A

rigidity of the neck

76
Q

palliative

A

soothing

77
Q

paraplegia

A

paralysis of the lower extremities and trunk, due to spinal cord injury

78
Q

parasympathomimetic

A

nerves of the ANS that regulate essential involuntary body functions

79
Q

paresthesia

A

a sensation of numbness or tingling

80
Q

pia mater

A

the innermost of the three membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord

81
Q

pineal body

A

small cone shaped structure, regulates the body’s biological clock

82
Q

pons

A

part of the brain located between the medulla oblongata and the mid brain

83
Q

rhizotomy

A

surgical resection of a spinal nerve root

84
Q

subarachnoid space

A

space located just under the arachnoid membrane contains cerebrospinal fluid

85
Q

subdural space

A

space located just beneath the dura mater contains serous fluid

86
Q

sympathomimetic

A

copying or producing the same effects as those of the sympathetic nerves “to mimic”

87
Q

tonic-clonic seizure

A

seizure characterized by the presence of muscle contraction or tension followed by relaxation creates a “jerking” movement of the body

88
Q

Alzheimer’s disease

A

deterioration of a person’s intellectual functioning, a progressive and extremely debilitating

89
Q

anencephaly

A

absence of the brain and spinal cord at birth

90
Q

bell’s palsy

A

a temporary or permanent unilateral weakness or paralysis of the muscles in the face

91
Q

brain abscess

A

accumulation of pus located anywhere in the brain tissue

92
Q

cerebral palsy

A

a collective term used to describe congenital brain damage that is permanent but not progressive

93
Q

cerebrovascular accident CVA

A

death of a specific portion of the brain tissue (stroke)

94
Q

degenerative disk

A

the deterioration of the inter vertebral disk

95
Q

encephalitis

A

inflammation of the brain or spinal cord tissue

96
Q

epilepsy

A

recurring episodes of excessive irregular electrical activity of the brain

97
Q

grand mal seizure

A

an epileptic seizure, sudden loss of consciousness and generalized muscular contraction`

98
Q

petit mal seizure

A

a small seizure, temporary loss of consciousness lasting only a few seconds “absence seizure”

99
Q

Huntington’s chorea

A

an inherited neurological disease, rapid, jerky, involuntary movements and increasing dementia

100
Q

hydrocephalus

A

an abnormal increase of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain that causes the ventricles of the brain to dilate

101
Q

meningitis (acute bacterial)

A

a serious bacterial infection of the meninges

102
Q

multiple sclerosis MS

A

a degenerative inflammatory disease of the CNS attacking the myelin sheath in the spinal cord and brain

103
Q

myasthenia gravis

A

chronic progressive neuromuscular disorder

104
Q

neuroblastoma

A

highly malignant tumor of the sympathetic nervous system

105
Q

Parkinson’s disease

A

a degenerative, slowly progressive deterioration of nerves in the brain stem’s motor system

106
Q

peripheral neuritis

A

a general term indicating inflammation of one or more peripheral nerves

107
Q

poliomyelitis

A

poli/o = gray matter, myel/o= spinal cord, -itis= inflammation

108
Q

reye’s syndrome

A

an acute brain encephalopathy along with fatty infiltration of the internal organs

109
Q

meningocele

A

a cyst-like sac covered with skin or a thin membrane protruding through the bony defect in the vertebrae containing meninges

110
Q

meningomyelocele

A

a cyst-like sac covered with skin or a thin membrane protruding through the bony defect in the vertebrae that contains meninges

111
Q

tay-sachs disease

A

congenital disorder caused by altered lipid metabolism resulting from an enzyme deficiency

112
Q

trigeminal neuralgia

A

short periods of severe unilateral pain, radiates along the fifth cranial nerve

113
Q

babinsk’s reflex

A

stroke the sole of foot beginning at mid-heal and moving upward and lateral to the toes

114
Q

laminectomy

A

surgical removal of the bony arches from one or more of the vertebrae to relieve pressure on spinal cord

Medical Terminology 2 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions