Exam One - measurement scales and descriptive stats Flashcards

1
Q

measurement

A

a systematic process for assigning numbers to objects in such a way as to represent quantities of attributes

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2
Q

discrete data

A

each item is a separate, whole unit

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3
Q

continuous data

A

data for points along a scale that, at least theoretically, could be subdivided

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4
Q

What are the 4 scales of measurement?

A

1 - nominal
2 - ordinal
3 - interval
4 - ratio

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5
Q

nominal scale of measurement

A

numbers are category labels only
mutually exclusive
have none of the properties of a real number system

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6
Q

ordinal scale of measurement

A

categories can be rank ordered
- often have a great or less than relationship
- do not have the properties of distance and origin

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7
Q

interval scale of measurement

A

terms in question can be rank ordered and have equal intervals separate them
- lack property of origin

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8
Q

ratio scale of measurement

A

possess all three components of a real number system

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9
Q

What are the properties of a real-number system

A

1 - order:high numbers = increased quantities of the characteristic
2 - distance: magnitude of differences between umbers of categories is equal
3 - origin: measurement has a true zero point which represents absence of the measured property

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10
Q

descriptive stats

A
  • relavent to all data types
  • organize and summarize data to facilitate understanding
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11
Q

inferential stats

A

=estimates pop characteristics using sample data
- tests for effects (hypothesis testing and relationships)

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12
Q

What are 3 terms used in descriptive stats

A

1 - frequency
2 - central tendency (mean, median, mode)
3 - variability (range, SD)

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13
Q

If a sample resembles a normal distribution, _____% of observations are within 1 SD and ___% are within 1.96 SDs

A

68, 95

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14
Q

repeated samples of the same pop are (same/different) each time?

A

different

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