Exam III: Occular Flashcards
What are the most common topical antibiotics used in ophthalmology?
NeoPolyBac, NeoPolyGram, Ofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Tobramycin, Gentamicin, Erythromycin, Terramycin, Chloramphenicol, Cefazolin
Each antibiotic has specific indications and contraindications.
What is the primary use of NeoPolyBac?
Used for uncomplicated ulcers, not recommended for active infections
Caution in cats.
Which antibiotic is known for good penetration through intact epithelium?
Ofloxacin or Ciprofloxacin 0.3% solution
Used for actively infecting ulcers.
What is the difference between NeoPolyBac and NeoPolyGram?
NeoPolyBac is an ointment, while NeoPolyGram is a solution
Both are used for uncomplicated ulcers.
What is Tobramycin 0.3% primarily used for?
Good for simple ulcers in high-risk patients (brachycephalic)
It is a middle-of-the-road antibiotic.
What is the risk associated with Chloramphenicol?
ABORT – APLASTIC ANEMIA and FATAL
Requires signing waivers and using gloves.
Which medication is used to stabilize the cornea with keratomalacia?
Anti-Collagenase medications such as Serum, Acetylcysteine, EDTA, Doxycycline
These can be combined with ofloxacin.
What is the recommended treatment for Feline Herpes Virus?
Cidofovir, Famciclovir, L-lysine
famiciclovir is administered orally
L-lysine is not an anti-viral but competes with Arginine.
What is the contraindication for using Prednisolone acetate in cats?
Don’t want to suppress immune system in them
It is effective for uveitis and keratitis.
Which medications should not be used with corneal ulcers?
Steroids
This includes Prednisolone acetate.
What are common topical glaucoma medications mentioned?
Dorzolamide, Methazolamide, Latanoprost
Latanoprost is used in emergency situations
Timolol is not effective in vet species.
What is the function of mydriatic agents?
Used to dilate the pupil
Examples include Tropicamide and Atropine.
What are the calcineurin inhibitors used for dry eye therapy?
Cyclosporine, Tacrolimus
dry eye solutions come in red tops
There is a risk of SCC in unhealthy eyes.
What is the most common primary ophthalmic neoplasia type in dogs and cats?
SCC (Squamous Cell Carcinoma)
Secondary neoplasia is rare except for lymphoma.
What diagnostic tests are recommended for ocular diseases?
Ocular ultrasound, CT/MRI, +/- FNA/Biopsy
An ocular pathologist is recommended.
What clinical signs indicate neoplasia in the eyelid?
Papilloma, Fibro-papilloma, Benign eyelid melanoma, SCC
Biopsy with histopath is necessary for diagnosis.
What is the treatment for benign eyelid tumors?
Complete surgical excision
This includes techniques like cryotherapy.
What is the common treatment for corneal neoplasia?
Keratectomy, adjunctive cryotherapy
SCC is common in horses and canine.
Fill in the blank: _______ is a common treatment for SCC in horses and canine.
Keratectomy
This may be supplemented with adjunctive cryotherapy.
What is used for fry eye?
Calcineurin Inhibitors
What are the indications for prednisolone acetate?
topical anti-inflammatory for uveitis, has corneal penetration
other topical inflammatories include:
Flurbiprofen 0.03% ophthalmic solution
Diclofenac 0.1% ophthalmic solution
Ketorolac 0.5% ophthalmic solution
