Exam III-Basal Ganglia

Question 1

Caudate + Globus Palladus + Putamen =

Answer 1

Corpus Striatum

Question 2

Putamen + Globus Palladus =

Answer 2

Lenticular Nucleus

Question 3

Caudate + Putamen =

Answer 3

Striatum or NeoStriatum

Question 4

What are the three main functions of the basal ganglia that Dr. L kept saying?

Answer 4

Motor Movement, Emotional, and Cognitive

Question 5

Do Lesions of the Basal Ganglia lead to Paralysis?

Answer 5

HELL NAW

Question 6

What is the direct pathway with + and -?

Answer 6

Cortex + –>Caudate & Putamen - –> Globus PalladusInterna/Substantia NigraReticular - –>Thalamus + –>Cortex (other sources then stimulate the Thalamus with then stimulates the cortex)

Question 7

What is the indirect pathway with + and -?

Answer 7

Cortex + –> Caudate & Putamen - –> Globus PalladusExterna - –> SubThalamic Nucleus + –>Globus PalladusInterna/Substantia NigraReticulum - –> Thalamus

Question 8

What two things does dopamine do to in the SN circuit?

Answer 8

It excites the direct pathway and Inhibits the indirect pathway

Question 9

Where does dopamine come from SN Pars Compacta or SN pars Retciulara

Answer 9

SN Compacta

Question 10

Which BG disorder will arise from a unilateral lesion to the sub thalamic nucleus?

Answer 10

HemiBallisms

Question 11

Is movement affected in lesions of the Caudate nucleus?

Answer 11

Nope, just complex behaviors and cognitive functions

Question 12

What are the four cardinal features of Parkinson’s Disease?

Answer 12

Tremor, Rigidity, BradyKinesia, Postural instability

Question 13

What, concerning the pathways is a cause for Huntington’s Disease?

Answer 13

Loss of the Indirect pathway.

Question 14

What is the main manifestation of Huntington’s Disease?

Answer 14

Chorea

Question 15

What is the cause of the over stimulation of the cortex in ballism?

Answer 15

Loss of the sub thalamic nucleus causes loss of the indirect pathway