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A&P 2 > Exam Four Part 2 > Flashcards

Exam Four Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

respiratory system functions

A 
acid base balance 
blood filtration 
blood and lymph flow 
blood pressure regulation 
communication 
expulsion of abdominal content
gas exchange 
olfaction
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2
Q

2 divisions of respiratory system

A

conducting

respiratory

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3
Q

conducting division

A

air flow

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4
Q

respiratory division

A

gas exchange

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5
Q

organs of respiratory

A 
nose
pharynx
larynx
trachea
bronchi 
lungs
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6
Q

functions of nose

A

warms
cleanses air smell
amplifies voice

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7
Q

pharynx parts

A

nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx

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8
Q

functions of larynx

A

keep food & drink out of the air way

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9
Q

right vs left lung

A

rigtht- shorter w 3 lobes

left - tall, skinny w 2 lobes

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10
Q

bronchial tree

A 
main 
lobar
segmental 
primary 
terminal 
respiratory
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11
Q

alveoli cells

A

squamous
great
alveolar macrophages

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12
Q

squamous alveolar cells

A

cover the surface area

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13
Q

great cells

A

damage cells

surfactant

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14
Q

alveolar macrophages

A

eat dust

numerous cell

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15
Q

functions of pleurae

A

reduce friction
creation radiant
compartmentalization

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16
Q

respiratory cycle

A

one complete breath

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17
Q

quiet desperation

A

normal relaxed, unconscious breathing

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18
Q

forced respiration

A

deep breathing

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19
Q

respiratory muscles

A

diaphragm
intercostals
scalenes

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20
Q

diaphragm

A

prime mover

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21
Q

intercostals

A

synergist

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22
Q

scalenes

A

synergist

elevate rib 1 and 2

23
Q

valsalva maneuver

A

holding your breath, tighten up abdomen to expel abdominal cavity

24
Q

3 respiratory centers

25
Q

ventral respiratory group (VRG)

A

medulla

regular everyday breaths

26
Q

dorsal respiratory group (DRG)

A

medulla

controlling rate & depth

27
Q

pontine respiratory group (PRG)

A

pons

controlling rhythm

28
Q

4 sensory receptors

A

central
peripheral
stretch
irritant

29
Q

central chemoreceptors

A

detecting pH of CSF

30
Q

peripheral receptors

A

responding to O2 & CO2 in the blood

31
Q

stretch receptors

A

respond to stretch, inflation of lungs

32
Q

irritant receptors

A

respond to smoke, pollen, duct , fume

33
Q

2 factors influencing airway resistance

A

bronchiole diameter

pulmonary compliance

34
Q

bronchiole diameter

A

diamete

strict dilate

35
Q

pulmonary compliance

A

how easily things expand

36
Q

anatomical dead space

A

conducting division is filled w -150mL of air how much air in your body is doing nothing

37
Q

physiological dead space

A

sum of anatomical dead space and any pathological alveolar dead space that exist

38
Q

tidal volume

A

volume of air inhaled & exhaled in 1 cycle during quiet breathing

39
Q

apnea

A

temporary cessation of breathing

40
Q

dyspnea

A

labored, gasping breathing

41
Q

hyperpea

A

increased rate & depth of breathing from exercise or pain

42
Q

orthopnea

A

dyspnea that occurs when a person is lying down, heart failure

43
Q

tachypnea

A

accelerated respiration

44
Q

factors controlling oxygen unloading

A

ambient PO2- deliver more
Temperature- deliver more
bohr effect- deliver more

45
Q

hypoxia

A

inability to use oxygen

46
Q

hypoxemic hypoxia

A

low arterial PO2

inadequate pulmonary gas exchange

47
Q

ischemic hypoxia

A

inadequate circulation of blood

48
Q

anemic hypoxia

A

from anemia

inability of blood to carry oxygen

49
Q

histotoxic hypoxia

A

prevents tissues from using oxygen

50
Q

chronic bronchitis

A

inflammation of the mucosa
lots of mucous & coughing
reduced cilia

51
Q

emphysema

A

alveolar wall breakdown
decrease in surface area
weak thoracic muscles

52
Q

squamous cell carcinoma

A

most common
change in bronchial epithelium
tumors inside bronchioles

53
Q

adenocarcinoma

A

originates in mucous glands

54
Q

small call carcinoma

A

least common, most dangerous

originates in primary bronchi will spread

A&P 2 (13 decks)

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