exam 7 Flashcards
Which of the following is NOT part of the upper respiratory system?
a) Nose
b) Oral cavity
c) Pharynx
d) Trachea
e) Nasal meatuses
Trachea
Which of the following is a passageway for air, food and water?
a) Pharynx
b) Larynx
c) Paranasal sinuses
d) Trachea
e) Esophagus
Pharynx
Which structure prevents food or water from entering the trachea?
a) Arytenoid cartilage
b) Epiglottis
c) Nasopharynx
d) Thyroid cartilage
e) Paranasal sinus
Epiglottis
The gas law that describes the pressure changes that occur during pulmonary ventilation is
a) Boyle’s law
b) Charles’ law
c) Henry’s law
d) The inhalation law
e) The law of partial pressure
Boyle’s law
Which structure is located anterior to the esophagus and carries air to the bronchi?
a) Trachea
b) Larynx
c) Nasopharynx
d) Pharynx
e) None of these choices
Trachea
Which of the following is NOT a conducting zone action?
a) Clean air of debris
b) Conduct air into the lungs
c) Add water to air
d) Warm air
e) All of these
All of these
Exhalation begins when
a) Inspiratory muscles relax
b) Diaphragm contracts
c) Blood circulation is the lowest
d) Both Inspiratory muscles relax and Diaphragm contracts
e) All of these choices
Inspiratory muscles relax
Which of the following is NOT a factor that determines the rate of pulmonary and systemic gas exchange?
a) Partial pressure difference of gases
b) surface area availability for gas exchange
c) Diffusion distance
d) Molecular weight and solubility of the gases
e) All of these
All of these
Which of the following is the primary gas exchange site?
a) Trachea
b) Bronchiole
c) Nasal sinuses
d) Alveolus
e) Bronchus
Alveolus
Which of the below tissues maintains open airways in the lower respiratory system?
a) stratified squamous epithelium with keratin
b) ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells
c) hyaline cartilage
d) mucus membrane
e) bone
hyaline cartilage
The point where the trachea divides into right and left primary bronchi is a ridge called
a) Carina
b) Secondary bronchioles
c) Parietal pleura
d) Visceral pleura
e) Diaphragm
Carina
When blood pH drops, the amount of oxyhemoglobin _____ and oxygen delivery to the tissue cells _____.
a) Increases, increases
b) Increases, decreases
c) Decreases, increases
d) Decreases, decreases
e) Does not change, does not change
Decreases, increases
A man is found lying unconscious on the floor of his apartment during a very cold period. A space heater is nearby. His lips appear to be cherry red in color. He might be suffering from
a) carbon dioxide poisoning
b) sulfur dioxide poisoning
c) carbon monoxide poisoning
d) excessive oxygen intake
e) any of these is possible
carbon monoxide poisoning
Describe and explain the effects of smoking on the functioning of the respiratory system.
Nicotine constricts terminal bronchioles to increase airway resistance, as does the increased mucus secretion and swelling of the mucosa. Smoke inhibits the movement of cilia, which allows buildup of substances and microbes normally removed. Carbon monoxide in s smoke binds to hemoglobin and reduces its oxygen-carrying capacity. Over time, smoking leads to destruction of elastic tissue, which decreases compliance, and ultimately to the effects of emphysema.
An individual suffers a blood clot in an artery that delivers blood to his leg. The leg begins to take on a blue hue, becomes colder than the rest of his body and he experiences numbness in the leg. He is most likely experiencing
a) anemic hypoxia
b) ischemic hypoxia
c) hypoxic hypoxia
d) histotoxic hypoxia
e) allergic hypoxia
ischemic hypoxia
Normal quiet breathing is controlled by the
a) Pontine respiratory group
b) Medullary respiratory center dorsal respiratory group
c) Medullary respiratory center ventral respiratory group
d) Medullary respiratory center dorsal respiratory group and medullary respiratory center ventral respiratory group
e) all of these
all of these