EXAM 6 BIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE Flashcards
By what method are hormones transported throughout the body?
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM (BLOODSTREAM)
What body activities do hormones regulate?
- METABOLISM
- HOMEOSTASIS
- GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
- REPRODUCTION
Hormone receptors are found in the plasma membrane as well as inside the cell, give characteristics of hormone types that bind to each.
- WATER-SOLUABLE HORMONES CANNOT pass through the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane.
- LIPID-SOLUABLE HORMONES CAN pass through the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane.
What endocrine structures are found in the brain?
HYPOTHALAMUS and PITUITARY GLAND
Know the gland that secretes each hormone and the function of the following hormones:
FSH
ADH
PARATHYROID
PROLACTIN
INSULIN
GLUCAGON
EPINENEPHRINE
ESTROGEN
- FSH IS A PROTEIN SECRETED BY THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND
- ADH IS A PEPTIDE SECRETED BY THE PITUITARY GLAND
- PARATHYROID IS A PEPTIDE SECRETED BY THE PARATHYROID GLANDS
- PROLACTIN IS A PROTEIN SECRETED BY THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND
- INSULIN IS A PROTEIN SECRETED BY THE PANCREAS
- GLUCAGON IS A PROTEIN SECRETED BY THE PANCREAS
- EPINEPHRINE IS AN AMINE SECRETED BY THE ADRENAL MEDULLA
- ESTROGEN IS A STEROID SECRETED BY THE OVARIES
Hormone that is antagonized by alcohol consumption.
ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE (ADH)
What hormone affects the largest variety of cells?
THYROID HORMONE
What hormone is stimulated by spicy foods?
DOPAMINE
Hormone that requires iodine for its formation.
THYROID HORMONE
Symptoms of HYPERthyroidism and HYPOthyroidism.
HYPERTHYROIDISM causes weight loss, high blood pressure, rapid heart rate, & extreme sensitivity to heat.
HYPOTHYROIDISM causes fatigue, weight gain, cold sensitivity, slowed heart rate, & dry skin.
Characteristics and functions of the ADRENAL GLAND.
The adrenal gland is a paired structure sitting atop the kidneys.
Composed of the CENTRAL ADRENAL MEDULLA & OUTER ADRENAL CORTEX.
This structure helps regulate metabolism, immune system, blood pressure, & response to stress.
What hormones can decrease immune function?
CORTISOL, ANDROGENS, & GLUCOCORTICOIDS.
What are the sex hormones?
ESTROGEN, PROGESTERONE, & TESTOSTERONE
Name the different types of ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION.
BUDDING is the outgrowth and eventual splitting off of an individual from the parent
FISSION is the separation of a parent into two or more offspring of about equal size
FRAGMENTATION is the breaking of the body into several pieces followed by regeneration
Characteristics of hermaphrodites.
Have male AND female reproductive systems.
Some can FERTILIZE THEIR OWN EGGS, & some need a partner.
