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Bacteriology > Exam 6 > Flashcards

Exam 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary habitat for vibrio?
aeromonas?
C. violaceum

A

vibrio-brackish, salt water
Aeromonas- freshwater
C. violaceum- soil or water

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2
Q

What biochemicals for aeromonas

A

oxidase +
glucose fermenter
motile
indole +

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3
Q

Biochemicals for A. hydrophila

A

Arg +
orn -
TCBS-

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4
Q

What diseases do Aeromonas hydrophila cause

A

gastrointestinal
cellulitis
septicemia, meningitis,

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5
Q

What are Aeromonas species usually resistant to and S?

A

penicillin, ampicillin, carbenicillin cefazolin

S to 3rd gen cephalosporins, SXT, aminoglycosides

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6
Q

Oxidase +, GN, glucose fermenting

curved, motile, purple pigment

A

Chromobacterium violaceum

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7
Q

What biochemical test does not help ID chromobacterium and why

A

oxidase, because it is pigmented

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8
Q

Organism in soil and water
immunocompromised with low WBCs

A

C. violaceum

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9
Q

Almond Smell

A

C. violaceum

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10
Q

What biochemicals distinguish chromobacterium from other organisms

A

if pigmented, enough to ID it
if non pigmented, +indole, - Lys and orni
non maltose or mannitol fermentation

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11
Q

What is chromobacterium violaceum often resistant to

A

beta lactams and colistin

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12
Q

What do vibrio need for growth

A

need sodium, salt lovers

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13
Q

What do all vibrio species have in common in biochemicals

A

glucose fermenters mostly
all motile, catalase -, oxidase +
nitrate +

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14
Q

What temperature do Vibrio grow in

A

can be in water if more than 20C

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15
Q

Best way to differentiate Vibrio from aeromonas

A

String test
DNA
vibrio +
Aeromonas -

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16
Q

halophilic

A

vibrio

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17
Q

What special agars are used to culture Vibrio

How to interpret

A

stool- TCBS
yellow sucrose +

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18
Q

What does vibrio look like on MAC

A

all NLF except V.vulnificus

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19
Q

What agar is not very helpful for Vibrio

A

HE and XLD, shows as yellow, non selective to Vibrio

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20
Q

What special agar is used to find vibrio parahaemolyticus from seafood and what does it look like

A

chromogenic vibrio agar
mauve/ violet

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21
Q

What distinguishes vibrio from enterbacteriales in a stool culture
what species is it probably

A

oxidase +

probably cholera

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22
Q

How does Vibrio cholera spread and what does it cause

A

contaminated water or seafood, rapid flux and electrolyte loss
cholera toxin

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23
Q

Rice water stool

A

vibrio cholerae

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24
Q

What does Vibrio vulnificus cause and how is it transmitted

A

*** Fatal septicemia and especially + liver disease

can become cellulitis and necrotizing fasciitis, multiple organ failure

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25
Q

What does vibrio parahaemolyticus cause and how is it acquired

A

raw seafood, watery diarrhea
self limiting
24-48 hrs

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26
Q

What environment almost always has V. parahaemolyticus

A

in coastal environments

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27
Q

What does V alginolyticus cause

A

least pathogenic, eye and ear infection, wound and burn

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28
Q

Vibrio species that is oxidase -

A

Vibrio metschnikovii

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29
Q

Only vibrio species that is lactose fermenting/ MAC pink

A

Vibrio vulnificus

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30
Q

Which Vibrio species nearly always comes from extraintestinal sources

A

Vibrio algunolyticus

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31
Q

How are Vibrio species distinguished in the lab

A

sucrose fermentation
TCBS is selective for all Vibrios

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32
Q

What Vibrio species is Bright Yellow on TCBS
and black?

A

yellow cholerae
black parahaemolyticus

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33
Q

What subgroups are withing V. cholera

A

antigen groups
worst- O1- cholera toxin-fatal
O139- makes toxin also

others non O1/ non O139- no toxin

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34
Q

All NLF GNR are oxidase positive except

A

S maltophilia
Acinetobacter
V. metschnikovii

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35
Q

All GNR that are NLF are motile except

A

Burkholderia mallei

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35
Q

TSI restults for Burkholderia and Pseudomonas

A

gas + bubbles
H2S + black butt - yellow underneath
red slant

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36
Q

O/F results for Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Glucose
Open tube - yellow- pos-oxidizer
closed tube- green- neg fermenter

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37
Q

Best way to distinguish pseudomonas and burkholderia

A

pseudomonas is catalase +
burkholderia catalase -

38
Q

What organisms are BCSA agar for
how to read

A

Burkholderia

if translucent colony, red-orange agar then
B cepacia

39
Q

non wrinkled, rough, serrated edges on MAC

A

B. cepacia

40
Q

What is the best way to ID pseudomonas and Burkholderia vs enterobacteriales

A

API 20NE

41
Q

What do E.coli, Psuedomonas and Staph look like on MAC

A

E. coli- pink growth
Pseudomonas- yellow growth
Staph- no growth

42
Q

What do B mallei and B. pseudomallei look like on a gram stain

A

mallei- coccobacillus on GNR
pseudomallei - GNR small bipolar staining

43
Q

Organism in eye drops and spas

A

Burkholdeereia cepacia

44
Q

What major diseases do B. cepacia cause

A

cystic fibrosis pts

45
Q

Organism that grows on onions

A

Burkholderia cepacia

46
Q

What biochemicals Burkholderia cepacia
Looo

A

oxidase slow weak +
lysine +
ornithine +
ONPG +

47
Q

What is Burkholderia cepacia resistant to
Pac

Best treatment?

A

aminoglycosides, polymyxin B, colistin

lot of R, no good antibiotic treatment

48
Q

Oxidizes lots of sugars
glucose, lactose, maltose, mannitol

A

B. cepacia

49
Q

Organism that is NLF, GNR, decarboxylates lysine in cerebral spinal fluid is probably

A

B. cepacia

50
Q

What immunocompromised patients are at most risk of B cepacia infection

A

CGD chronic granuloma disease,

51
Q

How does B cepacia affect immunocompetent people

A

infection of blood, UT, and respiratory tract
rarely fatal

52
Q

Rice paddies

A

B. pseudomallei

53
Q

What organism is Ashdown medium for

A

B pseudomallei
appears violet purple color

54
Q

What do B. pseudomallei look like on a gram stain
and BA?

A

gram- bipolar staining, safety pins
wrinkled metallic varied hemolysis

55
Q

organism that has an earthy odor

A

B. pseudomallei

56
Q

Biochemicals for Burkholderia pseudomallei

A

oxidase +
Arg +
lactose oxidizer
cetrimide neg

57
Q

How to distinguish B. pseudomallei from pseudomonas?

A

B. pseudo cetrimide -
Pseudomonas cetrimide +

58
Q

What makes B pseudomallei look different from P. aeroginosa on a plate

A

no pyrverdin pigment on pseudo

59
Q

What disease does B. pseudomallei cause

A

meliodosis- pulmonary disease very fatal

60
Q

Causes disease amoung Vietnam vets and SE Asian immigrants

A

B. pseudomallei

61
Q

Organism that causes infections in horses called Glanders

A

B. mallei

62
Q

Organism that is a potential bioterrorist agent

A

B. mallei

63
Q

strictly aerobic
motile
polar flagella with tufts

A

Pseudomonas

64
Q

Organism that smells like grapes

A

P. aeroginosa

65
Q

What diseases are P. aeruginosa associated with

A

Cystic fibrosis

66
Q

What virulence factors do P. aeruginosa have***** practice matching

A

exotoxin A
Exoenzymes S and T
phospholipase C
pilli
alginate
pyocyanin

67
Q

Organism involved in quorum sensing
What do they produce

A

P. aeroginosa
allow it to produce a biofilm with alginate

68
Q

swimmers or divers ear infection

A

P. aeruginosa

69
Q

Hot tubs

A

P. aeroginosa

70
Q

artificial nail infection

A

P aeruginosa

71
Q

What organism is the most related to cystic fibrosis

A

P. aeroginosa

72
Q

What does P aeruginosa look like on BAP and MAC

A

blue- pyocyanin
green- pyoverdin
flat, shiny, spready, metallic
Beta

73
Q

What is the only Pseudomonas species that grows at 42C

A

P. aeruginosa

74
Q

Biochemicals for P. aeroginosa

A

Arg +
citrate +
gelatinase +
cetrimide +

75
Q

What is the only Pseudomonas species that produces Pyocyanin and what color is it

A

green-blue aeroginosa

76
Q

What diseases do P. fluorescens and P. putida cause

A

rarely anything
UTI, post-surgical abcesses
septic arthritis

77
Q

What Pseudomonas species produce pyoverdin only

A

fluorescens and putida

78
Q

What are P. fluorescens and putida resistant to

A

carbenicillin and ticarcillin

79
Q

What test is used to distinguish P. fluorescens from P putida

A

gelatin hydrolysis
fluorescens +
putida -

80
Q

What does P. stutzeri look like on BA

A

tree root, wrinkled, leathery, bright yellow/ brown

81
Q

What biochemical test distinguishes P. stutzeri

A

Arg neg

82
Q

What environments are P orzyhabitans and luteola from

A

water and soil

83
Q

sticky eye

A

P. oryzihabitans

84
Q

What do orzyhabitans and luteola colonies look like

A

wrinkly yellow

85
Q

Distinguishing biochemicals for P. luteola and oryzihabitans

A

oxidase -

86
Q

What antimicrobial therapy is used to treat pseudomonas infections

A

beta lactam and aminoglycoside

87
Q

How are Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas and Burkholderia distinguished

A

antimicrobial testing

88
Q

Only organism mentioned to be non motile

A

B. mallei

89
Q

On TCBS agar, why are organisms yellow

A

ability to oxidize sucrose

90
Q

What is the most commonly encountered GNR genera outside of enterobacterales

A

Pseudomonas

91
Q

What are the 3 organisms that are associated with cystic fibrosis, which is the most associated

A

Most- P. aeruginosa
B. cepacia
S. maltophilia

92
Q

Vibrio body sites
Cholerae
alginolyticus
vulnificus

A

cholerae-stool
alginolyticus- skin, wound, ear
vulnificus- blood

Bacteriology (10 decks)

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