Exam 5 Pt. 1 Flashcards
peripheral nervous system
cranial and spinal nerves
Central nervous system
cerebrum, cerebellum, subcortical structures, brainstem and spinal cord
Autonomic nervous system
involuntary, includes parasympathetic and sympathetic.
sympathetic system
fight or flight
parasympathetic system
conserve energy
somatic nervous system
voluntary movements, includes pyramidal, and extrapyramidal
neuron
basic functional unit of the nervous system
soma
cell body
dendrite
transmits information to the soma
axon
transmits information from the soma
myelin sheath
covers axon, protects and insulates, increases rate of impulses.
nodes of ranvier
junctions where the nerve process is exposed, increases rate of nerve impulses.
axon hillock
location between axon and soma
telodendria
smaller branches extending from end of axon
end buttons
transmit information to next neuron, contains neurotransmitters
synapse
connection or act of sending information from one neuron to the next
presynaptic neuron
sends the message
postsynaptic neuron
receives the message
neurotransmitters
activates the next neuron in a chain of neurons
mitochondria
energy and protein development
synaptic cleft
space between connecting neuron
5 types of synapses
axodendritic, axosomatic, axoaxonic, somatosomatic, dendrodentritic.
oligodendrocytes
myelin in central nervous system
schwann cells
myelin in peripheral nervous system
astrocytes
supply nutrients, suspends and separates neurons, forms blood brain barrier.
microglia
phagocytosis
interneurons
communication within the brain
motor neurons
communication sent from the brain to the body
sensory neurons
communication sent from the body to the brain
