Exam 5 Flashcards
Iliopsoas
Origin: T12-L5, sacrum, inner surface of the ilium
Insertion: lesser trochanter
Action: Hip flexion, hip external rotation
Sartorius
Origin: Anterior superior Iliac spine
Insertion: pes anserine
Action: hip flexion, hip external rotation
Gracilis
Origin: Anterior ramus of pubis
Insertion: pen anserine
Action: hip adduction
Gluteus Maximus
Origin: Posterior ilium, posterior sacrum
Insertion: greater trochanter
Action: hip extension, hip external rotation
Gluteus Medius
Origin: Lateral ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter
Action: hip abduction
Gluteus Minimus
Origin: lateral ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter
Action: hip abduction
Piriformis
Action: hip external rotation
Whats the name of the hip joint?
Acetabular femoral
What type of joint is the Acetabular femoral joint?
Enarthrodial joint; Most stable
What are the characteristics of the Acetabular femoral joint?
Bony architecture, strong ligaments, strong muscle
What does the sacrum attach?
The left and right pelvic bone posteriorly
Where is the left and right pelvis attach anteriorly?
By the synapsis pubis
What is synapsis pubis?
fibrocartilage
How many planes/axises is the Acetabular femoral joint in?
Multiaxial
What are the 3 ligaments in the Acetabular Femoral Joint?
Iliofemoral Ligament, Pubofemoral ligament, Ischiofemoral ligament
What does the Iliofemoral ligament do?
Prevents hyperextension; attaches ilium and femur
What does the pubofemoral ligament do?
attaches pubis and femur; limits excessive extension and abduction
What does the Ischiofemoral ligament do?
attaches ischium to femur; limits internal rotation
Sacrum
extension of spinal column with 5 fused vertebrae
Pelvic Bone
divided into 3 areas
What are the 3 areas of the pelvic bone?
- Upper part = Ilium
- Lower anterior = pubis
- lower posterior = ischium
Hip flexion
130 degrees
Hip extension
30 degrees
Hip abduction
35 degrees
Hip internal/external rotation
50 degrees
Anterior pelvic rotation
accomplished by hip flexors
Posterior pelvic rotation
accomplished by hip extensors
What can excessive rotation of the pelvis change?
The curvature of the spine
Excessive anterior and posterior rotation directly impacts…?
The lumbar spine
Abnormal hip rotation means what?
Really tight hip flexors and hip extensors
Sternocleidomatoid
O: Anterior clavicle and manubrium
I: mastoid process
A: flexion, rotation, lateral flexion
Erector Spinae
O/I: Occipital bone, cervical spine, thoracic spine, lumbar spine, pelvis
A: Extension
Quadratus Lumborum
O: Posterior Iliac crest
I: rib 12 and transverse processes of L1-L4
A: extension, rotation
Rectus Abdominis
O: crest of pubis
I: ribs 5-7 and xyphoid process
A: Flexion, rotation
External Oblique
O: Ribs 1-8
I: Crest of ilium and crest of pubis
A: flexion rotation
Internal Oblique
O: Inguinal ligament, crest of the ilium
I: ribs 8-10
A: flexion, rotation
Transversus Abdominis
O: Inner Iliac crest, ribs 7-12
I: Crest of pubis
A: Forced expiration
How many individual articulating vertebrae are there?
24; 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar
What motion occurs between the vertebrae?
Gliding (vertebrae are arthrodial joints)
What are the 3 normal curves?
Cervical and Lumbar spine = lordotic curve
Thoracic spine = kyphotic curve
What is an abnormal curve known as?
Lateral curve = scoliosis
What are the special names for the first to cervical vertebrae?
C1 = atlas
C2 = axis
What happens to the architecture between vertebrae C2-L5?
They get bigger, thicker, and stronger as you go down the spine
There’s minimal movement between which vertebrae?
C2- L5
How many pairs of ribs are there?
12 pairs
How many true ribs are there?
7 pairs of true ribs attach directly to the sternum
How many false ribs are there?
5 pairs of false ribs (3 pairs attach indirectly to sternum and 2 pair of floating ribs- end are free)
Where is the Atlantooccipital Joint?
At the occipital condyles sitting on top of C1 vertebrae
What kind of motion occurs in the Atlantooccipital Joint?
Motion of the skull rocking back and forth on C1
What allowed motion occurs in the Atlantooccipital Joint?
Capital flexion and extension
Where is the Atlantoaxial Joint?
Between C1 and C2
What kind of joint is the Atlantoaxial Joint?
Trochoid Joint
The Atlantoaxial Joint is the most..?
Most mobile of any 2 vertebrae and most cervical rotation occurs here
What type of motion occurs at the Intervertebral disks?
Gliding motion; arthrodial joint
What are the 2 parts of the Intervertebral disk?
- Nucleus pulposus
- Annulus fibrosus
Nucleus Pulposus
held in place by cartilage on both sides
Annulus Fibrosus
Fibrocartilage that holds the Nucleus Pulposus in place
