Exam 1: Part 2

Question 1

What is skeletal muscle responsible for?

Answer 1

Movement of body and all of its joints

Question 2

Muscle contraction produces…

Answer 2

force that causes joint movement

Question 3

What do muscles provide?

Answer 3

protection, dynamic stability of joints, posture & support

Question 4

What is Aggregate muscle action?

Answer 4

muscles work in groups rather than independently to achieve a given joint motion

Question 5

What are the 5 properties of force and movement of joints?

Answer 5

1. irritability or excitability
2. contractility
3. extensibility
4. elasticity
5. plasticity

Question 6

All muscles have a ____ that _____

Answer 6

nerve that stimulates it

Question 7

What is irritability/excitability?

Answer 7

property of muscle being sensitive to chemical, electrical, and mechanical stimuli

Question 8

What is contractility?

Answer 8

Ability of muscle to contract and develop tension or internal force against resistance when stimulated

Question 9

What is extensibility?

Answer 9

A muscles ability to lengthen; ability of muscle to be passively stretched beyond it’s normal resting length

Question 10

What is elasticity?

Answer 10

ability of muscle to return to its original length following stretching

Question 11

What is plasticity?

Answer 11

ability of muscle to return to a new length following stretching

Question 12

Intrinsic

Answer 12

pertaining usually to muscles within or belonging solely to body part upon which they act

Question 13

Extrinsic

Answer 13

pertaining usually to muscles that arise or originate outside of (proximal to) body part upon which they act
ex: wrist and hand

Question 14

Action

Answer 14

specific movement of a joint resulting from a concentric contraction of a muscle which crosses a joint

Question 15

Innervation

Answer 15

segment of nervous system responsible for providing a stimulus to muscle fibers

Question 16

Tendon

Answer 16

attaches a muscle to a bone

Question 17

Origin

Answer 17

structurally, the proximal attachment and the least movable part

Question 18

Insertion

Answer 18

Structurally, the distal attachment and the most movable part (usually always want to go towards the origin)

Question 19

Contraction

Answer 19

when tension is developing in a muscle as a result of a stimulus

Question 20

What do concentric contraction do?

Answer 20

Cause motion/movement; muscle shortens

Question 21

What do eccentric contractions do?

Answer 21

Controls motion/movement; muscle lengthens

Question 22

What type of contraction are both concentric and eccentric?

Answer 22

Isotonic contractions

Question 23

T/F: All isotonic contractions work with the same muscle or same muscle groups

Answer 23

True

Question 24

What do Isometric contractions do?

Answer 24

Prevent motion/movement; muscle length stays the same

Question 25

What type of contraction are concentric and eccentric contractions?

Answer 25

Dynamic Contraction

Question 26

What type of contraction is an isometric contraction?

Answer 26

Static Contraction

Question 27

What’s the role of the agonist muscle?

Answer 27

Causes joint to move when it concentrically contracts

Question 28

What’s another word for agonist muscles?

Answer 28

Prime move

Question 29

What is the antagonist muscles location?

Answer 29

On the opposite side of the joint from the agonist

Question 30

What’s the purpose of the antagonist muscle?

Answer 30

Suppose to relax to make agonist work

Question 31

What’s the purpose of stabilizers?

Answer 31

Contract to fixate or stabilize an area to enable another limb to exert force and move

Question 32

What does the synergist assist?

Answer 32

The agonist

Question 33

What’s the purpose of the neutralizer?

Answer 33

counteracts the actions of another muscle to prevent undesirable movements

Question 34

What is Reciprocal inhibition?

Answer 34

The antagonist muscles groups must relax and lengthen when the agonist muscle group contracts

Question 35

What is active insufficiency?

Answer 35

When a muscle (agonist) cannot shorten any farther

Question 36

What is passively insufficiency?

Answer 36

When the opposing muscle (antagonist) cannot stretch any farther