Exam 2 Flashcards
What bones does the shoulder girdle use
Scapula and clavicle
What bones does the shoulder joint use
Humerus
What joints does the shoulder girdle use
-Scapulerthorasic
-Sternoclavicular
-Acromioclavicular
What joints does the shoulder joint use
Glenohumeral joint
what movements does the shoulder girdle allow
elevation, depression, protraction, and retraction
what movement does the shoulder joint allow
flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation, external rotation, horizontal abduction and horizontal adduction
What are the shoulder girdle muscles
Trapezius, Levator scapulae, Rhomboid, Serratus anterior, and Pectoralis minor
what are the shoulder joint muscles
Deltoid muscles, Pectoralis Major, Latissimus Dorsi Muscle, Teres Major muscle, and the four rotator cuff muscles
What are the four rotator cuff muscles
Subscapularis, Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, and Teres MINOR
What is the primary function of the shoulder girdle
To be a stable base/ foundation for the shoulder joint
What is the primary function of the rotator cuff
To compress the Humeral head against the Glenoid fossa to stabilize the Glenohumeral joint
Why is the shoulder often injured
A: the Glenohumeral joint doesn’t provide significant stability since it sacrifices stability to gain mobility
B: the Glenohumeral joint is injured due to the anatomical design
-shallowness of glenoid fossa
-laxity of ligamentous structure
-lack of strength and endurance in muscle
What are the primary stabilizing ligaments of the shoulder girdle
-Sternoclavicular ligament
-Acromioclavicular ligament
-Conoid ligament
-Trapezoid ligament
what two ligaments are apart of the coracoid clavicular ligament
Conoid and Trapezoid ligament
what are the primary stabilizing ligaments of the Glenohumeral joint
-superior glenohumeral ligament
-middle glenohumeral ligament
-inferior glenohumeral ligament (under the MOST stress)
Laxity
excessive motion WITHOUT disfunction
Instability
excessive motion WITH disfunction
Multi-directional Instability
Instability in multiple directions
What are the phases of flexion and abduction
Phase 1: shoulder joint
Phase 2: shoulder joint & shoulder girdle
Phase 3: shoulder joint, shoulder girdle, & lateral movement of the spine
shoulder flexion degrees
180
shoulder extension degrees
60
shoulder abduction degrees
180
shoulder internal & external degrees
70-90
horizontal abduction degrees
135
horizontal adduction degrees
45
GIRD
Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit
what is scapulohumeral rhythm
looks at movement/motion involving both shoulder joint and girdle
* below 90 degrees, 2:1 (shoulder joint=2)
*above 90 degrees, 1:1 (shoulder joint and girdle are equal)
Plane of Scaption
Half-way between the sagittal and frontal plane
ex: hands out on a V form
dynamic stability
tendons and muscles
static stability
ligament, cartilage, capsule, and bone
Diarthrodial/Synovial joint
freely moveable joint w/ synovial fluid
has fibrocartilage
Fibrocartilage
1: shock absorption
2: increasing stability
Arthrodial joint
only gliding motions
The greater tubercle is…
bigger than the lesser tubercle and has 3 muscles attached to it (which causes greater stress)
The lesser tubercle is…
under less stress and has 1 muscle attached to it (which causes less stress)
