Biomechanics Flashcards
Biomechanics
Study of the mechanics as it relates to the functional and anatomical analysis of biological systems and especially humans
Machines
used to increase mechanical advantage
What are the 3 functions of machines?
- They balance multiple forces
- Enhance force in attempt to reduce total force needed
- They enhance range of motion and speed
The musculoskeletal system provide…?
proved 3 types of machines in order to produce movement
What are the 3 types of machines the Musculoskeletal system provide?
-levers (most common)
-wheel-axles
-Pulleys
What are the 3 types of levers?
A = axis = joint
F = force = muscle AND insertion point
R = resistance
What letter is always in the middle on a 1st class lever?
A = axis (joint)
What letter is always in the middle of a 2nd class lever?
R = resistance
What letter is always in the middle of a 3rd class lever?
F = force (muscle and insertion point)
Which lever is the most common in the human body?
3rd class lever
Whats an example of a 3rd class lever?
Bicep curls and Knee extension
(Write down the A.F.R. for muscle memory)
Whats an example of a 1st class lever?
Overhead extension
(Write down the A.F.R. for muscle memory)
Whats an example of a 2nd class lever?
Heel raises
(Write down the A.F.R. for muscle memory)
Force Arm
distance between the force and the axis
Resistance Arm
distance between resistance and axis
Law of inertia
a body in motion tends to remain in motion at the same speed in a straight line unless acted on by a force; a body at rest tends to stay at rest unless acted in by a force
Inertia
resistance to action or change
T/F: Poor form and technique make it difficult to overcome inertia
true
What is required to change inertia?
force
Law of reaction
for every action there is an opposite and equal reaction
Friction
force that results from the resistance between surfaces of two objects from moving upon one another
Center of gravity
point at which all of body’s mass and weight are equally balanced. or equally distributed in all directions
Balance
important in resting and moving bodies
Mechanical loading
significant mechanical load are generated and absorbed by the tissues of the body
Excessive tissue deformation due to mechanical loading may result from…
tension, shear, compression, bending, and torsion
