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Kinesiology > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Gastrocnemius Muscle

A

O: Posterior condyles of the femur
I: Posterior calcaneus
A: Knee flexion and ankle plantar flexion

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2
Q

Soleus Muscle

A

O: Posterior Fibula and Tibia
I: posterior calcaneus
A: Ankle plantar flexion

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3
Q

Peroneus Muscle (3 muscles)

A

O: Fibula
I: Lateral foot
A: Eversion

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4
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus Muscle

A

O: Tibia and Fibula
I: Middle and distal phalanxes of the 4 lesser toes
A: Extension

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5
Q

Hallucis Muscle

A

No origin or insertion
A: Movement of great toes

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6
Q

Tibialis Anterior Muscle

A

O: Lateral Tibia
I: Medial cuneiform
A: Dorsi flexion and inversion

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7
Q

Tibialis Posterior Muscle

A

O: Posterior tibia and fibula
I: Plantar surface of tarsal bones
A: Plantar flexion of the ankle and inversion of the foot

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8
Q

Whats the order of Normal Gait?

A
  1. Heel strike
  2. Foot flat
  3. Toe off
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9
Q

Whats the weight distribution order from ground up?

A

Ground, calcaneus, talus, tibia

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10
Q

What holds the tibia and fibula together?

A

Interosseous membrane

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11
Q

What are the 3 parts of the foot?

A
  1. Rearfoot- heel strike
  2. Midfoot- foot flat
  3. Forefoot- toe off
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12
Q

What are the 3 ligaments in the Tibiofibular Joint?

A

Anterior tibiofibular ligament, Posterior tibiofibular ligament, and interosseous membrane

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13
Q

Whats another name for the Tibiofibular Joint?

A

High ankle sprain (joint)

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14
Q

What are the 3 bones that make up the ankle joint?

A
  1. Talus
  2. Distal fibula
  3. Distal Tibia
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15
Q

Whats another name for the Ankle Joint?

A

Talocrural Joint

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16
Q

Plantar flexion degrees

A

50 degrees (pointing foot down)

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17
Q

Dorsi Flexion degrees

A

20 degrees (pointing foot up)

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18
Q

What makes up the Subtalar Joint

A

Talus and Calcaneus

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19
Q

Ankle inversion

A

20-30 degrees

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20
Q

Ankle eversion

A

5-15 degress

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21
Q

What are the 3 ligaments in the lateral ankle?

A
  1. Anterior Talofibular ligament
  2. Posterior Talofibular ligament
  3. Calcaneofibular ligament
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22
Q

Whats another name for the lateral ankle?

A

Inversion ankle sprain

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23
Q

What are the 4 ligaments in the medial ankle?

A
  1. Anterior Tibiotalar ligament
  2. Posterior Tibiotalar ligament
  3. Tibiocavicular ligament
  4. Talocalcaneal ligament
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24
Q

What are the other 2 name for the medial ankle?

A

Eversion ankle sprain and the deltoid ligament

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25
Q

Which ligaments work collectively as collateral ligaments?

A

The medial and lateral ligaments (7)

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26
Q

What are the 3 arches?

A

Medial longitudinal arch
Lateral longitudinal arch
Transverse arch

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27
Q

Plantar Fascia

A

very thick piece of tissue that helps to stabilize the arches

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28
Q

What are the 4 compartments of the leg?

A

Anterior compartment, lateral compartment, superficial posterior and deep posterior

29
Q

Anterior Compartment

A

Muscles that dorsiflexes the ankle and extends the toes

30
Q

Lateral compartment

A

muscles that everts the ankle

31
Q

Superior posterior / deep posterior

A

plantar flexors and toe flexors are located

32
Q

What makes up the compartments?

A

muscles, nerves and arteries

33
Q

Rectus Femoris Muscle (1/4 quads)

A

O: Anterior inferior iliac spine
I: Superior patella and tibial tuberosity
A: Knee extension and hip flexion

34
Q

Vastus Lateralis Muscle (2/4 quads)

A

O: Greater Trochanter and Linea aspera
I: Lateral patella and tibial tuberosity
A: Knee extension

35
Q

Vastus Intermedius Muscle (3/4 quads)

A

O: Anterior femur
I: Superior patella and tibial tuberosity
A: Knee extension

36
Q

Vastus Medialis Muscle (4/4 quads)

A

O: Linea Aspera
I: Medial patella and tibial tuberosity
A: Knee extension

37
Q

Semitendinosus Muscle (1/3 hammies)

A

O: Ischial Tuberosity
I: Pes Anserine
A: Flexion of knee and extension of hip

38
Q

Semimembranosus Muscle (2/3 hammies)

A

O: Ischial Tuberosity
I: Medial condyle of the tibia
A: Flexion of knee and extension of hip

39
Q

Biceps Femoris Muscle (3/3 hammies)

A

O: Ischial Tuberosity
I: Head of fibula
A: Flexion of knee and extension of hip

40
Q

Popliteus Muscle

A

O: Posterior lateral condyle of the femur
I: Posterior Tibia
A: Knee flexion and internal rotation of the flexed knee

41
Q

What 2 joints make up the Knee Joint?

A

Tibiofemoral and Patellofemoral Joint

42
Q

What kind of bone is the patella?

A

Sesamoid bone

43
Q

As the tibiofemoral joint flexes,

A

stress at the patellofemoral joint increases

44
Q

Another name for Medial Collateral ligament?

A

Tibial collateral ligament

45
Q

Another name for the lateral collateral ligament?

A

Fibular collateral ligament

46
Q

What 2 things does the Anterior cruciate ligament do?

A

-Keeps the tibia from sliding forward
-Helps control and limit rotation

47
Q

What group of dynamic stabilizers help the ACL?

A

The hamstrings

48
Q

What happens when the hamstrings concentrically contract?

A

They move the tibia backwards

49
Q

What 2 things does the Posterior cruciate ligament do?

A

-prevent tibia from sliding backwards
-prevents, reduces, and controls rotation

50
Q

What group of dynamic stabilizers help the PCL?

A

The quads

51
Q

What happens when the quads concentrically contract?

A

they move the tibia forwards

52
Q

There is a medial and lateral one of these AND it is considered fibrocartilage?

A

Menisci

53
Q

How many menisci are there?

A

4; 2 in both knees

54
Q

Both Menisci are attached to the tibia in 2 places, where is that?

A

The anterior and posterior horn

55
Q

Anterior cruciate ligament

A

ACL

56
Q

Posterior cruciate ligament

A

PCL

57
Q

Medial collateral ligament

A

MCL

58
Q

Laterla collateral ligament

A

LCL

59
Q

Suprapateller bursa

A

Between femur and quads tendon

60
Q

Infrapatellar bursa

A

Between tibia and patella tendon

61
Q

Subcutaneous prepatellar bursa

A

Just under skin

62
Q

Bursar is a ?

A

Shock absorber and reduces friction

63
Q

Knee flexion

A

140 degrees

64
Q

Knee extension

A

0 degrees (10 degrees of hyper extension)

65
Q

Screw home mechanism

A

In order for the knee to fully extend, it has to externally rotate (v. medialis)
In order for the knee to flex, it has to internally rotate (popliteus)

66
Q

Q-angle

A

3 locations
1. Anterior superior iliac spine
2. Center of the patella
3. Tibias tuberosity

67
Q

Q-angle greater than 25 degrees means?

A

Tight lateral structures

68
Q

What does the MCL and LCL prevent?

A

Frontal plane motion

Kinesiology (9 decks)

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