Exam 4 (Week 15) Flashcards
Pharmacological class of Beclomethasone (QVAR)
glucocorticoid
Therapeutic class of Beclomethasone (QVAR)
anti-inflammatory
MOA of Beclomethasone (QVAR)
- decreases synthesis and release of inflammatory mediators–>decreasing infiltration and activity of inflammatory cells.
- decreasing edema of the airway mucosa
What does beclomethasone (QVAR) MOA reduce?
- bronchial hyperactivity
2. airway mucus production
What is beclomethasone (QVAR) used for?
- prophylaxis of chronic asthma
Inhaled glucocorticoids or beclomethasone (QVAR) is used for?
- for the management of inflammatory component of asthma
Oral glucocorticoids or beclomethasone (QVAR) may be used for or in?
- In patients who have moderate to severe persistent asthma
- management of acute exacerbations of asthma
- COPD
What are ADES of glucocorticoids dependent on?
on route and length of administration
What are 3 ADEs of inhaled beclomethasone (QVAR) or glucocorticoids?
- adrenal suppression
- oral candidacies - thrush
- dysphonia - hoarseness or difficulty speaking
What are ADEs of oral beclomethasone (QVAR) or glucocorticoids dependent on? What are 4 adverse effects of oral glucocorticoids or beclomethasone (QVAR)?
a. prolonged therapy:
1. adrenal suppression
2. osteoporosis
3. peptic ulcer disease
4. growth suppression
1 nursing implication of beclomethasone (QVAR)?
educate patients on how to use inhalation devices
Pharmacological class of cromolyn (intal)?
mast cell stabilizer
Therapeutic class of cromolyn (intal)?
anti-inflammatory
MOA of cromolyn (intal)?
suppresses bronchial inflammation
Uses of cromolyn (intal)?
prophylaxis for asthma and COPD, rather than acute treatment
Pharmacological class of albuterol (proventil)?
Beta2-adrenergic agonist
Therapeutic class of albuterol (proventil)?
Short-acting bronchodilator
MOA of albuterol (proventil)?
activates beta2 adrenergic receptors in the smooth muscle of the lung.
Uses of bronchodilators?
used to provide symptomatic relief in patients who have asthma and COPD, but does not alter the underlying inflammation that is apart of the disease process.
What does the MOA of albuterol (proventil) promote and relieve?
- promotes bronchodilation
2. relieves bronchospasm
use of albuterol (proventil)?
asthma and COPD
what is significant about bronchodilators or albuterol (proventil)?
route and time course
How can bronchodilators such as albuterol (proventil) be given?
orally or by inhalation
Bronchodilators given orally or for only what?
long term control
SABAs (Short-acting) are what? used to stop what?
life-saving; use to stop an ongoing attack
What are LABAs reserved for? Use for?
reserved for patients who experience frequent attack. Long-term control
What is the larger classification of albuterol (proventil)?
inhaled SABA
3ADE of albuterol (proventil):
- tachycardia
- angina
- tremor
Inhaled LABAs increased the risk for what?
- severe asthma
2. asthma related death
ADE of oral bronchodilators:
- cardiac adverse effects - angina pectoris, tachydysrythmias, tremors in skeletal muscle
1 nursing implication of albuterol (proventil) or bronchodilators:
these drugs should be taken on a fixed schedule.
Pharmacological class of montelukast (singular):
leukotriene antagonist
Therapeutic class of montelukast (singular):
immune modulator
MOA of montelukast (singular):
suppress the effects of leukotrienes
Uses of montelukast (singular):
- allergic rhinitis
- cough
- cold
Pharmacological class of dextromethorphan (robitussin):
nonopioid antitussive
Therapeutic class of dextromethorphan (robitussin):
Anti-cough
MOA of dextromethorphan (robitussin):
- opioid derivative that acts in the CNS to suppress the cough reflex
- blocks NMDA receptors in the brain and spinal cord
What does blocking NMDA receptors in the brain in spinal cord with dextromethorphan (robitussin) do?
- decreases pain with cough
use of dextromethorphan (robitussin):
- cough that is nonproductive, creates discomfort, or deprives a pt. of comfort or sleep
ADEs of dextromethorphan (robitussin) are what? except at what?
a. rare
b. high doses
ADEs of dextromethorphan (robitussin):
- mild inebriation to a state of mind-body dissociation
1 nursing implication of dextromethorphan (robitussin):
take only as prescribed on the label
What are 2 routes of administration for respiratory drugs?
- oral
2. inhalation
Inhaled respiratory drugs have minimal what? Relieve what?
a. systemic effects
b. relieve acute attacks rapidly
What is the age that you should avoid use of OTC cold remedies?
younger than 4-6 years old
What should the labels say if giving children OTC cold remedies?
only for pediatric use
Who should you consult before giving OTC cold remedies to children?
a provider
What should you read before dosing OTC cold remedies to children?
labels and product info
What should you use to dose OTC cold remedies to children?
the provided measuring device
What should you do as the parent if a child’s symptoms persist or worsen?
discontinue or seek help
What can anti-histamines cause in children?
cause respiratory depression
