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NURS 472A > Exam 3 (Week 11) > Flashcards

Exam 3 (Week 11) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the brand name of etanercept?

A

enbrel

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2
Q

Pharmacological class of etanercept:

A

Tumor necrosis factor antagonist/biologic disease-modifying atirheumatic drug

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3
Q

Therapetuic class of etanercept:

A

Antirheumatic/immunosuppressant/anti-inflammatory

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4
Q

MOA of etanercept:

A
  1. suppresses inflammation my neutralizing TNF (important immune mediator of joint injury in RA).
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5
Q

Uses of etanercept:

A

moderately to severely active RA

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6
Q

adverse effect of etanercept:

A
  1. serious systemic infections
  2. allergic reactions
  3. heart failure
  4. hematologic disorders
  5. liver injury
  6. CNS demyelinating disorders
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7
Q

What are two safety alerts of etanercept?

A
  1. Taking TNF antagonists like etanercept increases the risk for developing serious systemic infections or sepsis
  2. children may develop malignancies
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8
Q

1 nursing implication of etanercept:

A

educating patients on the signs and symptoms of infection

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9
Q

What is the brand name of methotrexate?

A

Rheumatrex

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10
Q

Pharmacological class of methotrexate:

A

nonbiologic DMARD

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11
Q

Therapeutic class of methotrexate:

A

antirheumatic/immunosuppressant/anti-inflammatory/anticancer

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12
Q

Methotrexate is the most what?

A

most rapid-acting DMARD

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13
Q

What is the brand name of allopurinol?

A

Zyloprim

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14
Q

Pharmacological class of allopurinol:

A

xanthine oxidase inhibitor

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15
Q

Therapeutic class of allopurinol:

A

antigout/hyperuricemia

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16
Q

MOA of allopurinol:

A

Inhibits xanthine oxidase (enzyme required for uric acid formation)

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17
Q

Uses of allopurinol:

A
  1. chronic tenacious gout

2. hyperuricemia secondary to chemo cancer treatment

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18
Q

ADE of allopurinol:

A

GENERALLY WELL TOLERATED

  1. rare but fatal hypersensitivity reaction
  2. acute gouty attack with initial treatment
  3. mild GI effects
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19
Q

1 nursing implication of allopurinol:

A

monitoring uric acid levels in the blood

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20
Q

What is the brand name of probenecid:

A

generic only

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21
Q

pharmacological class of probenecid:

A

uricosuric agent

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22
Q

Therapeutic class of probenecid:

A

antigout/hyperuricemia

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23
Q

MOA of probenecid:

A
  1. Acts on renal tubules to inhibit reabsorption of uric acid.
  2. uricosuric agent: Increases uric acid excretion, reduces urate levels in the blood.
24
Q

ADE of probenecid

A

GENERALLY WELL TOLERATED

  1. mild GI effects
  2. hypersensitivity reactions
25
Q

1 nursing implication of probenecid:

A

Take the medication with food to minimize mild GI effects.

26
Q

What is the brand name of Trimethoprim(TMP)/Sulfamethoxazole(SMZ)?

A

Bactrim, Septra

27
Q

Pharmacological class of Trimethoprim(TMP)/Sulfamethoxazole(SMZ)

A

Sulfonamide + trimethoprim: inhibits folic acid synthesis

28
Q

Therapeutic class of Trimethoprim(TMP)/Sulfamethoxazole(SMZ)

A

Broad spectrum combination antibacterial/Urinary tract infections (UTIs)

29
Q

MOA of Trimethoprim(TMP)/Sulfamethoxazole(SMZ):

A

Inhibit the synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid (a derivative of folate or folic acid)

30
Q

Why is the combined action helpful? (TMP/SMZ)

A

It is stronger than either drug acting along

31
Q

Uses of Trimethoprim(TMP)/Sulfamethoxazole(SMZ):

A
  1. Uncomplicated or recurrent UTIs
  2. Bronchitis
  3. other infections
  4. otitis media
32
Q

ADE of Trimethoprim(TMP)/Sulfamethoxazole(SMZ):

A
  1. nausea
  2. vomiting
  3. rash
33
Q

1 nursing implication Trimethoprim(TMP)/Sulfamethoxazole(SMZ):

A

Ask the patient about sulfa allergies

34
Q

What is the brand name of nitrofurantoin?

A

Macrobid

35
Q

Pharmacological class of nitrofurantoin:

A

urinary tract antiseptic: Damages bacterial DNA

36
Q

Therapeutic class of nitrofurantoin:

A

Broad spectrum antibacterial/UTIs

37
Q

What are the differences in concentrations of nitrofurantoin:

A
  1. low concentrations: bacteriostatic

2. high concentrations: bactericidal

38
Q

MOA of nitrofurantoin:

A

damaging bacterial DNA

39
Q

Uses of nitrofurantoin:

A
  1. acute infections of the lower urinary tract

2. prophylaxis of recurrent lower UTIs

40
Q

ADE of nitrofurantoin

A
  1. GI effects
  2. acute and subacute pulmonary reactions
  3. hematologic reactions
  4. peripheral neuropathy
41
Q

1 nursing implication of nitrofurantoin:

A

educating the patient to finish the entire course of antibiotics despite feeling better

42
Q

What is the brand name of benzoyl peroxide?

A

generic only

43
Q

Pharmacological class of benzoyl peroxide:

A

keratolytic

44
Q

Therapeutic class of benzoyl peroxide:

A

antibacterial for Acne/Drug for the skin

45
Q

MOA of benzoyl peroxide

A

releasing active oxygen suppressing propionibacterium acne

3. Reduces inflammation and promotes the peeling of the horny level of the epidermis

46
Q

Uses of benzoyl peroxide:

A

first-line drug for mild to moderate acne

47
Q

ADE of benzoyl peroxide:

A
  1. drying and peeling of the skin
  2. severe local irritation
  3. hypersensitivity reactions
48
Q

1 nursing implication:

A

promote adherence to the prescribed drug regimen

49
Q

What is the brand name of isotretinoin?

A

Accutane

50
Q

Pharmacological class of isotretinoin:

A

vitamin A derivative

51
Q

Therapeutic class of isotretinoin:

A

drug for the skin/acne vulgaris

52
Q

MOA of isotretinoin:

A

decreasing sebum production, sebaceous gland size, inflammation, and keratinization

53
Q

How is isotretinoin administered?

A

Orally (oral derivative of vitamin A)

54
Q

Uses of isotretinoin:

A

severe nodulocystic acne vulgaris

55
Q

ADE of isotretinoin

A
  1. nose bleeds
  2. inflammation of mouth and eyes
  3. dryness or itching of skin, nose, and mouth.
56
Q

What is important about isotretinoin? (pregnancy)

A

It is teratogenic and should not be used during pregnancy

57
Q

1 nursing implication of isotretinoin:

A

educating the patient to protect their skin from the sun.

NURS 472A (9 decks)

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