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NURS 472A > Exam 4 (Week 14) > Flashcards

Exam 4 (Week 14) Flashcards

1
Q

Pharmacological class of digoxin (lanoxin):

A

Cardiac glycoside/inotropic

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2
Q

Therapeutic class of digoxin (lanoxin):

A

heart failure/antidysrhythmic

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3
Q

What does digoxin (lanolin)’s positive inotropic action on the heart increase?

A

increases the force of ventricular contraction, increasing cardiac output

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4
Q

MOA of digoxin (lanoxin):

A
  1. inhibits the enzyme: sodium potassium ATPase, which promotes calcium accumulation in myocytes
  2. changes electrical activity of the heart
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5
Q

What benefits can digoxin (lanoxin) have at low doses?

A

can have neurohormonal benefits

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6
Q

Uses of digoxin (lanoxin):

A
  1. heart failure

2. manage dysrhythmias

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7
Q

ADE of digoxin (lanoxin) are induced by what?

A

high levels of the drug

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8
Q

ADE of digoxin (lanoxin):

A
  1. digoxin induced arrhythmias
  2. anorexia
  3. nausea
  4. vomiting
  5. fatigue
  6. visual disturbances
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9
Q

lab values for digoxin (lanoxin):

A

monitor potassium blood levels b/c potassium competes with digoxin for binding with sodium potassium ATPase

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10
Q

1 nursing implication of digoxin (lanoxin):

A

educate patients about early signs of toxicity.

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11
Q

Pharmacological class of dopamine (intropin):

A

Inotropic catecholamine

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12
Q

Therapeutic class of dopamine (intropin):

A

Heart failure/Antidysrhythmic

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13
Q

what is important about dopamine (intropin):

A

It is an inotropic catecholamine

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14
Q

Pharmacological class of Quinidine (Quinalan):

A

sodium channel blocker

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15
Q

Therapeutic class of Quinidine (Quinalan):

A

Class IA antidysrhythmic

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16
Q

MOA of Quinidine (Quinalan):

A
  1. blocks sodium channels –> slowing impulse conduction in the atria, ventricles, and HIS purkinje system
  2. delays repolarization at these sites by blocking potassium channels
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17
Q

What is Quinidine (Quinalan) specifically? Blocking what?

A

anticholinergic; blocks vagal input to the heart

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18
Q

What does Quinidine (Quinalan) do in terms of EKG:

A
  1. widens the QRS complex

2. prolongs QT interval

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19
Q

Uses of Quinidine (Quinalan):

A
  1. supra ventricular and ventricular dysrhythmias

2. malaria

20
Q

ADE of Quinidine (Quinalan):

A
  1. diarrhea
  2. sintasism - ringing in the ears
  3. headache
  4. nausea
  5. vertigo
  6. visual disturbance
  7. cardio toxicity
  8. arterial embolism
  9. alpha adrenergic blockade, resulting in hypotension
21
Q

1 nursing implication of Quinidine (Quinalan):

A

inform the patient to take the drug with meals

22
Q

Pharmacological class of Lidocaine (xylocaine)

A

Sodium channel blocker

23
Q

Therapeutic class of Lidocaine (xylocaine):

A

Class IB antidysrhythmic

24
Q

MOA of Lidocaine (xylocaine):

A

Accelerates repolarization

25
Q

Uses of Lidocaine (xylocaine):

A

ventricular dysrhythmias

26
Q

Pharmacological class of Amiodarone (Cordarone)

A

Potassium channel blocker

27
Q

Therapeutic class of Amiodarone (Cordarone):

A

Class III antidysrhythmic

28
Q

MOA of Amiodarone (Cordarone):

A
  1. blocks potassium channels

2. delaying re-polarization

29
Q

What does Amiodarone (Cordarone) do in terms of the heart:

A
  1. decreases automaticity of the SA node
  2. reduces contractility
  3. reduces contraction velocity
  4. widens QRS complex
  5. prolongs PR and QT intervals
30
Q

Why is Amiodarone (Cordarone) limited?

A

due to potential for toxicity

31
Q

Uses of Amiodarone (Cordarone):

A

life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmias like…

  1. re-current ventricular fibrillation
  2. re-current hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia
32
Q

ADE of Amiodarone (Cordarone) are due to…

A

due to toxic effects

33
Q

ADE of Amiodarone (Cordarone):

A

pulmonary, cardiac, thyroid, liver, and dermatologic toxicity

34
Q

How is Amiodarone (Cordarone) toxic during pregnancy and breastfeeding?

A

crosses the placental barrier and enters breast milk, so it can be toxic to pregnancy and breastfeeding

35
Q

1 nursing implication of Amiodarone (Cordarone):

A

educate the patient on signs of toxicity

36
Q

Pharmacological class of Adenosine (Adenocard):

A

Nucleotide: inhibits calcium influx

37
Q

Therapeutic class of Adenosine (Adenocard):

A

Other (Class V) antidysrhythmic

38
Q

What kind of life does Adenosine (Adenocard) have?

A

a short life

39
Q

Uses of Adenosine (Adenocard):

A

paroxysmal Supra Ventricular Tachycardia

40
Q

Pharmacological class of Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat):

A

Organic nitrate

41
Q

Therapeutic class of Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat):

A

Antianginal

42
Q

MOA of Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat):

A

acts directly on vascular smooth muscle to promote vasodilation of the veins

43
Q

What does Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) decrease? What does it relax or prevent?

A
  1. decreases cardiac oxygen demand, decreasing pain

2. relaxing or preventing spasm in the coronary arteries

44
Q

Uses of Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat):

A
  1. acute anginal episodes in stable angina

2. sustained anginal episodes - variant angina

45
Q

ADE of Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat):

A
  1. headache
  2. orthostatic hypotension
  3. reflex tachycardia
46
Q

1 nursing implication of Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat):

A

avoid activities that may elicit anginal attack

NURS 472A (9 decks)

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