Exam 4 - inputs/outputs

Question 1

glycolysis
inputs and outputs
occurs where?

Answer 1

inputs: glucose, ADP. Pi, NAD+
outputs: pyruvate, NADH, ATP, H+
cytoplasm

Question 2

1st committed step of glycolysis

Answer 2

glucose is phosphorylated by HEXOKINASE

Question 3

rate limiting enzyme of glycolysis

Answer 3

PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE (PFK)

Question 4

Acetyl CoA
inputs and outputs
occurs where?

Answer 4

inputs: pyruvate, NAD+, CoA
outputs: Acetyl CoA, NADH
mitochondria

Question 5

Kreb’s Cycle
inputs and outputs
occurs where?

Answer 5

inputs: Acetyl CoA, NAD+, FAD, ADP, Pi
outputs: CO2, NADH, FADH2, ATP
mitochondria matrix and on inner membrane

Question 6

1st committed step of Kreb’s Cycle and product

Answer 6

CITRATE SYNTHASE combines Acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate to form CITRATE

Question 7

rate limiting enzyme of Kreb’s Cycle

Answer 7

ISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASE

• is stimulated by ADP (need ATP)
• inhibited by high levels of ATP and NADH

Question 8

Oxidative Phosphorylation
inputs and outputs
occurs where?

Answer 8

inputs: O2, NADH, FADH2, ADP, Pi
outputs: ATP, NAD+, FADH, H2O
inner membrane of mitochondria

Question 9

respiratory poisons

Answer 9

1. uncouplers of proton gradient: i.e. making membrane leaky
2. ATP synthase inhibitor:
3. electron transport inhibitors: CO, cyanide

Question 10

anaerobic fermentation - alcohol

inputs and outputs

Answer 10

inputs: glucose, ADP, Pi
outputs: ethanol, CO2, ATP
plus, regenerates NAD+

Question 11

anaerobic fermentation - lactate

inputs and outputs

Answer 11

inputs: glucose, ADP, Pi
outputs: lactate, ATP