Exam 4 GI Flashcards
cathartics means
laxatives
diarrhea catagories
acute <14 days, persistent >14 days, chronic >30 days
diarrhea causes
viral- norwalki and rotovirus
bacteria- e. coli and v. cholerae
protozoan- giardiasis
traveler’s diarrhea
caused by enterotoxic e. coli and txted with ciprofloxacin/azithromycin
two meperidine opioid antidiarrheal agents ?
1) diphenoxylate
2) loperamide
Kaolin
soft white clay non-selective adsorbent
bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto bismol and Kaopectate)
- reacts in stomach with HCL to form bismuth oxychloride and salicyclic acid
- bismuth= antisecretory, inflam and microbial effects
- salicyclic acid the same as aspirin so it must carry REYE SYNDROME warning
stuff for antidiarrhea
kaolin bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto bismol and Kaopectate)
4 ways cathartics (laxatives) work
1) bulk forming
2) osmotic- pulls water into colon causing it to stretch and create activity
3) wetting agent
4) stimulant- irritate nerves
stimulant- irritate laxative
- senna- irritating
- castor oil- nonirritating but releases ricinoleic acid which is
- bisacodyl
- phenolphthalein
bulk forming laxatives
- osmotic group = magnesium sulfate and polyethylene glycol bc smoother action
- hydrophilic colloids and indigestible fiber = psyllium - causes gas
= methyl cellulose - not fermenting or gas causing
wetting/lubrication laxatives
glycerin commonly used in babies
emollient stool softeners
docusate (Colace)
pull water into stool allowing it to be softer
chrons vs ulcerative colitis
chrons- inflammation of the lining of the intestine and deeper layers
ulcerative colitis- inflammation in the lining of the colon/rectum
aminosalicylates: sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
* release what?
For IBS probs cox inhibitor (aspirin like by inhbiting leukotriene and prostaglandin synthesis) *release 5-aminosalicylic acid in large intestine
