Exam 4- Gas Exchange Flashcards
albuterol (Proventil)
Class and MOA
Class: Beta-2 Adrenergic Agonists- SABA
MOA: selectively binds to and stimulates beta 2-adrenergic receptors in bronchial smooth muscle causing bronchodilation
Albuterol (Proventil)
AE 4, contraindications 1
AE
* Sympathomimetic effects
* hypokalemia
* arrhythmia/tachycardia
* paradoxical bronchospasm
Contra: Cardiac issues
ipratropium (Atrovent)
Class and MOA
Class: Anticholinergic Drugs- SAMA
MOA: Block the parasympathetic nervous system, which results in actions similar to those of stimulating the sympathetic nervous system… cause bronchodilation
ipratropium (Atrovent)
ADE 3, monitor 1
ADE: cough, xerostomia (dry mouth), nervousness/dizziness
Monitor: pulmonary function before and after administration
theophylline (Theo-Dur)
Class and MOA
Class: Methylxanthine
MOA: bronchodilation and decreased airway sensitivity to histamine, adenosine, and allergens by increasing cAMP
theophylline (Theo-Dur)
ADE 3, cautions 1, and interactions 3, monitor 1
ADE: dysrhythmias, seizures, circulatory failure (shock)
Cautions: cardiac problems
Interactions: caffeine, tobacco, marijuana
monitor: serum drug levels
fluticasone (Flovent)
class, MOA, therapeutic affects 2
Class: inhaled corticosteroids
MOA: inhibits multiple inflammatory cytokines
Ther: decrease airway inflammation, diminished mucus production and edema
fluticasone (Flovent)
ADE 4, monitor 1
ADE: rhinitis, cough, sore throat, oral/esophageal fungal infections
Monitor: growth effects in pediatric patients
montelukast (Singulair)
Class, MOA
Class: Anti-inflammatory Controllers: LTRA
MOA: selectively binds to leukotriene receptors
montelukast (Singulair)
ADE, reports, age
ADE: neuropsychiatric disorders/suicidality; Pulmonary/hepatic eosinophilic infiltration
Reports: neuropsychiatric disorders( suicidality, aggressive behavior, hallucinations, depression, and others)
Age: 2+
diphenhydramine (Benadryl):
Class, MOA
Class: H1 Antagonists
MOA: Blocks central/ peripheral H1 receptors
diphenhydramine (Benadryl):
AE 2, key point 1
AE: drowsiness, dizziness
Key point: on BEERS
fluticasone (Flonase)
Claass, MOA
Class: IntraNasal Glucocorticoids
MOA: decrease the secretion of inflammatory mediators, reduce tissue edema, cause mild vasoconstriction
fluticasone (Flonase)
AE 2, teach 2
AE: epistaxis (nosebleed), nasal septal perforation
Teach: Must use daily! Symptom relief takes at least 1 to 3 weeks
pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
Class, MOA
Class: AR Relievers: phenethylamine and amphetamine
MOA: activates adrenergic receptors causing nasal mucosa vasoconstriction
pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
AE 2, contra 2, caution 1, key point 1
AE: arrhythmia, HTN
Contra: Severe HTN/CAD
Caution: kidney/liver impairment
Key: potential for misuse
dextromethorphan (Delsym, Robitussin DM)
Class, MOA
Class: Antitussives (Cough Suppressants)
MOA: Suppresses the medullary cough center
dextromethorphan (Delsym, Robitussin DM)
AE 2, Interactions 5, key points , teach 1
AE: Serotonin syndrome, abuse potential
Interactions: grapefruit juice, ETOH, antihistamines, antidepressants, and opioids (nearly doubles opioid analgesic effect)
Key: abuse risk
teach: increase fluids
guaifenesin (Mucinex)
Class, MOA
Class: Expectorants and Mucolytics
MOA: increases volume and decreases viscosity of respiratory tract secretions
guaifenesin (Mucinex)
AE 1, key point 1
AE: nephrolithiasis
Key: most effective in dry nonproductive cough
MDI
1 teaching
Metered Dose Inhaler
* Hand held pressurized device, requires hand/lung coordination. Wait 1 min between puffs
DPI
Dry Powder Inhaler
* timing of drug delivery and inhalation do not have to be coordinated, more medication is delivered to the lung
budesonide (pulmicort)
class
Class: inhaled corticosteroid
budesonide (Rhinocort) is the same as what?
Flonase
