Exam 2-Wk6 Flashcards
Week 6
Characteristics of
EPS
abnormal and involuntary motor movements
Causes of
EPS
1 + example
- dopamine antgonists
(metocloperamide)
Causes of
Cardiac Arhythmias/Prolonged QT
2
- serotonin receptor antagonists
- ondansetron
Causes of
Orthostatic Hypotension
3
- dopamine antagonists
- metocloperamide
- antiemetics
Antacid Side Effects
Magnesium
2
- diarrhea
- hypermagnesemia
Antacid Side Effects
Calcium
2
- constipation
- kidney stones
Antacid Side Effects
Aluminum
2
- electroyte imbalance
- constipation
Antacid Side Effects
Sodium Bicarbonate
2
- alkalosis
- hypernatremia
GERD
Signs/Sx’s
2 Concerning ones
- heartburn
- dyspepsia
- belching
- chest pain
- nausea
Concerning: unexplainde wt loss, dysphagia
dyspepsia: upset stomach
GERD
Causes
3
- adults LES relaxation
- less saliva
- less esophageal mobility
GERD
Exacerbation
non pharmacological
- caffeine
- ETOH
- carbonated beverages
- chocolate
- smoking
- pregnancy
- obesity
GERD
Exacerbation
pharmacological-2
- beta blockers
- anticholinergics
Diabetes T1
Signs/Sx’s
3
- Polyphagia
- Polydipsia
- Polyurea
polyphagia: increased hunger
Diabetes T2
Risk Factors
7
- Family hx
- Obesity
- HTN
- elevated fasting glucose
- > 45 yrs old
- High triglycerides
- Hx of gestation diabetes
Diabetes T2
Treatment
med classes of antidiabetics
- biguanides
- gliptins
- GLP-1 agonists
- SGLT2 inhibitors
- sulfonylureas
Insulin
Rapid Acting
onset, peak, duration, give
Onset: <15-30 min
Peak: 1-3 hrs
Duration: 4-6 hrs
Give: before meal
Insulin
Fast Acting
onset, peak, duration, give
Onset: 0-60 min
Peak: 2-4 hrs
Duration: 6-8 hrs
Give: 30 min before meal
Insulin
Intermediate Acting
onset, peak, duration, give
Onset: 1-2 hrs
Peak: 6-10 hrs
Duration: 12-12+ hrs
Give: bid
Insulin
Long Acting
onset, peak, duration, give
Onset: 1.5 hrs
Peak: none
Duration: 24 hrs
Give: once or bid
DI
What is it?
Diabetes Insipidus: ADH deficiency
DI
Signs
2
- pale urine
- very thirsty
DI
Causes
2 body systems, 1 medication
- Neurogenic: brain hormone
- Nephrogenic: kidneys don’t respond
- Lithium
Excess ADH
Signs/sx’s
- fluid retention
- increased urine osmolarity
- muscle cramps
- weakness
- headache
- lethargy
- N/V
Excess ADH
Treatment
- fluid restriction
- diuretics
- vasopressin receptor antagonists
What is DDAVP
desmopressin
DDAVP
Indications
- vasoconstriction
- williebrands disease
- enuresis prevention
enuresis= bedwetting
Thyrotoxicosis
Drugs contraindicated
2
- aspirin
- amiodarone
ACTH
too much
cushings disease
ACTH
too little
adrenal insufficiency
Aldosterone
too much
hyperaldosteroneism
Aldosterone
too little
addison’s disease
Cushings Disease
Causes
3
- too much ACTH
- long-term use of steroids
- adrenal tumer
Cushings Disease
Signs/Sx’s
- wt gain
- red cheeks
- thinning skin
- bruising easily
- fat accumulation on upper back
- HTN
- hyperglycemia
- mood changes
Labs to monitor kidney levels
3
- GFR
- Creatinine
- BUN
