Exam 2-Wk6 Flashcards

Week 6

1
Q

Characteristics of

EPS

A

abnormal and involuntary motor movements

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2
Q

Causes of

EPS

1 + example

A
  • dopamine antgonists
    (metocloperamide)
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3
Q

Causes of

Cardiac Arhythmias/Prolonged QT

2

A
  • serotonin receptor antagonists
  • ondansetron
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4
Q

Causes of

Orthostatic Hypotension

3

A
  • dopamine antagonists
  • metocloperamide
  • antiemetics
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5
Q

Antacid Side Effects

Magnesium

2

A
  • diarrhea
  • hypermagnesemia
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6
Q

Antacid Side Effects

Calcium

2

A
  • constipation
  • kidney stones
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7
Q

Antacid Side Effects

Aluminum

2

A
  • electroyte imbalance
  • constipation
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8
Q

Antacid Side Effects

Sodium Bicarbonate

2

A
  • alkalosis
  • hypernatremia
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9
Q

GERD

Signs/Sx’s

2 Concerning ones

A
  • heartburn
  • dyspepsia
  • belching
  • chest pain
  • nausea
    Concerning: unexplainde wt loss, dysphagia

dyspepsia: upset stomach

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10
Q

GERD

Causes

3

A
  • adults LES relaxation
  • less saliva
  • less esophageal mobility
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11
Q

GERD

Exacerbation

non pharmacological

A
  • caffeine
  • ETOH
  • carbonated beverages
  • chocolate
  • smoking
  • pregnancy
  • obesity
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12
Q

GERD

Exacerbation

pharmacological-2

A
  • beta blockers
  • anticholinergics
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13
Q

Diabetes T1

Signs/Sx’s

3

A
  • Polyphagia
  • Polydipsia
  • Polyurea

polyphagia: increased hunger

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14
Q

Diabetes T2

Risk Factors

7

A
  • Family hx
  • Obesity
  • HTN
  • elevated fasting glucose
  • > 45 yrs old
  • High triglycerides
  • Hx of gestation diabetes
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15
Q

Diabetes T2

Treatment

med classes of antidiabetics

A
  • biguanides
  • gliptins
  • GLP-1 agonists
  • SGLT2 inhibitors
  • sulfonylureas
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16
Q

Insulin

Rapid Acting

onset, peak, duration, give

A

Onset: <15-30 min
Peak: 1-3 hrs
Duration: 4-6 hrs
Give: before meal

17
Q

Insulin

Fast Acting

onset, peak, duration, give

A

Onset: 0-60 min
Peak: 2-4 hrs
Duration: 6-8 hrs
Give: 30 min before meal

18
Q

Insulin

Intermediate Acting

onset, peak, duration, give

A

Onset: 1-2 hrs
Peak: 6-10 hrs
Duration: 12-12+ hrs
Give: bid

19
Q

Insulin

Long Acting

onset, peak, duration, give

A

Onset: 1.5 hrs
Peak: none
Duration: 24 hrs
Give: once or bid

20
Q

DI

What is it?

A

Diabetes Insipidus: ADH deficiency

21
Q

DI

Signs

2

A
  • pale urine
  • very thirsty
22
Q

DI

Causes

2 body systems, 1 medication

A
  • Neurogenic: brain hormone
  • Nephrogenic: kidneys don’t respond
  • Lithium
23
Q

Excess ADH

Signs/sx’s

A
  • fluid retention
  • increased urine osmolarity
  • muscle cramps
  • weakness
  • headache
  • lethargy
  • N/V
24
Q

Excess ADH

Treatment

A
  • fluid restriction
  • diuretics
  • vasopressin receptor antagonists
25
Q

What is DDAVP

A

desmopressin

26
Q

DDAVP

Indications

A
  • vasoconstriction
  • williebrands disease
  • enuresis prevention

enuresis= bedwetting

27
Q

Thyrotoxicosis

Drugs contraindicated

2

A
  • aspirin
  • amiodarone
28
Q

ACTH

too much

A

cushings disease

29
Q

ACTH

too little

A

adrenal insufficiency

30
Q

Aldosterone

too much

A

hyperaldosteroneism

31
Q

Aldosterone

too little

A

addison’s disease

32
Q

Cushings Disease

Causes

3

A
  • too much ACTH
  • long-term use of steroids
  • adrenal tumer
33
Q

Cushings Disease

Signs/Sx’s

A
  • wt gain
  • red cheeks
  • thinning skin
  • bruising easily
  • fat accumulation on upper back
  • HTN
  • hyperglycemia
  • mood changes
34
Q

Labs to monitor kidney levels

3

A
  • GFR
  • Creatinine
  • BUN