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212-Pharm > Exam 2-Wk7 > Flashcards

Exam 2-Wk7 Flashcards

week 7

1
Q

EPS sx’s

5

A

acute dystonia, akathisia, parkinsonism, TD, neuroleptic malignant syndrome

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2
Q

NMS

neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

life threatening, high fever, diaphoresis, unstable BP, dysrhythmias, AMS

AMS: altered mental state

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3
Q

Akathisia

A

motor restlessness

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4
Q

acute dystonia

A

acute sustained contraction of muscles, usually of the head, neck, and back

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5
Q

parkinsonism

A

Having tremor, muscle rigidity, stooped posture, and a shuffling gait.

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6
Q

TD

A

unusual tongue or face movements

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7
Q

Treatment for NMS

3

A
  • antipyretics
  • electrolyte replacements
  • muscle relaxants
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8
Q

Treatment for acute dystonia

3

A
  • Anticholinergics
  • diphenhydramine
  • benztropine
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9
Q

Treatment for Akathisia

3

A
  • beta-adrenergic blockers
  • anticholinergics
  • benzodiazepines
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10
Q

Treatment for Parkinsonism

2

A

anticholinergic drugs and amantadine

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11
Q

Treatment for TD

and risk of treatment

A

valbenazine improves TD symptoms but can cause QT prolongation

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12
Q

hypoxia

A

insufficient oxygen at tissue level

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13
Q

hypoxemia

A

insufficient oxygen in blood

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14
Q

Drug class that causes QT prolongation

2

A

FGA, SGA

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15
Q

Drug class that causes Orthostatic Hypotension

3

A

TCAs, FGA, SGA

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16
Q

Benefits of CNS depression

A
  • decreased anxiety
  • improved mood
  • antipsychotic effects
  • anticonvulsant effects
  • anti-spasm effects
  • anesthesia
  • decreased pain
  • improved sleep
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17
Q

Risks of CNS depression

A

oversedation, respiratory depression, mental confusion

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18
Q

2 neurotransmitters inhibited in CNS depression

A

ACh and dopamine

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19
Q

Inhibition of ACh results

A

less anxiety, improved sleep

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20
Q

Inhivition of dopamine results

A

less psychotic, less hyperactivity

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21
Q

CNS depression continuum

A

A/A, lethargic, obtunded, stupor/semi-coma, coma

22
Q

Are CNS depression drugs on the BEERS list?

A

yes

23
Q

What is SES

A

Serotonin Syndrome

24
Q

Signs/Sx’s of SES

A
  • alt mental status (anxiety, agitation, confusion)
  • HTN, tachycardia
  • tremors, muscle rigidity
  • incoordination
  • sweating
  • fever
  • seizure
25
Q

Causes of SES

A

SSRI’s, MAOi’s, TCAs, St Johns Wort, opioids, triptans, amphetamines

26
Q

Treatment of SES

A
  • stop all serotonergic drugs
  • treat vital signs
  • usually resolves in 24 hours
27
Q

Drug-Drug/ Drug-herbal interactions with CNS depressants

1 drug, 3 herbal

A
  • Drug- Drug: antihistamines
  • Drug-herbal: melatonin, kava, valerian
28
Q

alcohol withdrawl complications

A

DT- agitation, confusion, hallucinations, tremors, panic attacks, paranoia, coma, death

DT: delirium tremens

29
Q

Alcohol withdrawl tx

seizures/DT vs hallucinations

A
  • DT/seizures: benzos (diazepam/lorazepam)
  • Hallucinations: antipsychotics (risperadone)
30
Q

Alchohol DDI with

Cardiovascular

4

DDI=drug-drug interaction

A
  • beta blockers
  • statins
  • antianginals
  • anticoagulants
31
Q

Alchohol DDI with

CNS drugs

4

DDI=drug-drug interaction

A
  • antianxiety
  • antidepressants
  • antipsychotics
  • antiseizure
32
Q

Alchohol DDI with

pain meds

3

DDI=drug-drug interaction

A
  • analgesics
  • NSAIDs
  • opioids
33
Q

Best MDD tx

2

A

CBT/CAM

34
Q

What does CBT stand for?

A

comprehensive behavioral therapy

35
Q

What does CAM stand for?

A

complimentary alternative therapy

35
Q

Difference between Bipolar 1 vs 2

A

1: cycle between mania and depression
2: cycle between hypomania for at least a week, to severe depression

36
Q

Delusions

A

unfounded beliefs, grandiose, hyperreligious, paranoia

37
Q

Hallucinations

A

seeing/hearing/feeling something not present

38
Q

Causes of psychosis/es

3

A
  • neurotransmitter imbalance
  • genetic
  • environmental factors
39
Q

MAOi Drug-Food Interactions

Broad Categories

5 + misc

A
  • processed meats
  • ETOH
  • dairy
  • some fruits/veggies
  • fish
  • misc
40
Q

MAOi Drug-Food Interactions

Fruits/veggies

A

avocados, bananas, canned figs, fermented soybeans, bean pods, raisins

41
Q

MAOi Drug-Food Interactions

Fish

A
  • dried
  • fermented
  • smoked
  • pickled
42
Q

MAOi Drug-Food Interactions

Misc

5

A
  • Yeast
  • Some soups
  • protein supplements
  • soy sauce
  • shrimp paste
43
Q

MAOi Drug-Drug Interactions

Drug Classes

2

A
  • Opioids
  • Antidepressants
44
Q

SSRI/SNRI’s

Adverse Effects

7

A
  • EPS
  • SES
  • QT prolongation
  • SI risk
  • SIADH
  • Seizures
  • Hyponatremia
45
Q

SSRI/SNRI’s

Common side effects for non-adherence

2

A
  • Weight Gain
  • Sexual Dysfunction
46
Q

Lithium Toxic levels

A

> 1.5 mEq

47
Q

Overdose Tx for

Benzodiazepines

A

flumazenil

48
Q

Overdose Tx for

Barbituates

A

None. Activated charcoal

49
Q

Overdose Tx for

TCA’s

A

None. Activated charcoal

212-Pharm (9 decks)

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