Exam 4 - Eggs

Question 1

Shell

Answer 1

Outer protective layer made of calcium carbonate; highly porous

Question 2

Cuticle

Answer 2

Protein layer covering egg surface, filling pores

Question 3

Chalaza

Answer 3

Protein bands that hold the yolk to the center of the egg

Question 4

Yolk

Answer 4

Lipid-rich, yellow structure representing 30% of the egg’s contents

Question 5

Germ Cell

Answer 5

Site of genetic material and fertilization

Question 6

Vitelline Membrane

Answer 6

Clear membrane that encases the yolk and maintains the yolk’s shape

Question 7

Air Cell

Answer 7

Increases as the egg ages

Question 8

Thick Albumen, Thin Albumen

Answer 8

Another term for egg white; water and protein rich component of the egg

Question 9

Outer Membrane; Inner Membrane

Answer 9

Between the shell and the egg white; strong and keratin rich

Question 10

Why chicken eggs?

Answer 10

Production efficiency, cheaper product/lower bottom line, consumption habits

Question 11

USA average per capita consumption of eggs

Answer 11

250 eggs/year

Question 12

What vitamin is missing from eggs?

Answer 12

Vitamin C

Question 13

How can you manipulate cholesterol in eggs?

Answer 13

Breed differences

Question 14

How can you manipulate vitamin E in eggs

Answer 14

Diet differences

Question 15

Eggs are a source of high-quality _______ and ____ and contain most __________ ________

Answer 15

protein; fat; essential nutirents

Question 16

Egg shell color is ________ _______ and changes with age

Answer 16

Genetically influenced

Question 17

Biliverdin =
Protoporphyrin =
Brown + Blue =

Answer 17

Biliverdin = Blue
Protoporphyrin = Red/Brown Brown + Blue = Green

Question 18

Yolk color

Answer 18

Variable, linked to diet and health of the bird

Question 19

___________ and _________ in the diet can effect yolk color

Answer 19

Carotenoids and xanthophyll

Question 20

How do eggs protect themselves against infection?
_______ in the albumen
__________ properties of ______ in the shell membrane
The _______ coats the egg as it passes through the vagina and protects the contents from microbes

Answer 20

Lysozyme; antimicrobial; keratin; cuticle

Question 21

Salmonella enteritidis

Answer 21

Infects the reproductive tract of hens and is passed from the ovary to the egg making the inside of the egg infected. Can also be present on outside of egg from the cloaca.

Question 22

What molecule present in eggs is missing when you are trying to make vegan mayonnaise

Answer 22

Lecithin