Exam 4 - Eggs Flashcards
Shell
Outer protective layer made of calcium carbonate; highly porous
Cuticle
Protein layer covering egg surface, filling pores
Chalaza
Protein bands that hold the yolk to the center of the egg
Yolk
Lipid-rich, yellow structure representing 30% of the egg’s contents
Germ Cell
Site of genetic material and fertilization
Vitelline Membrane
Clear membrane that encases the yolk and maintains the yolk’s shape
Air Cell
Increases as the egg ages
Thick Albumen, Thin Albumen
Another term for egg white; water and protein rich component of the egg
Outer Membrane; Inner Membrane
Between the shell and the egg white; strong and keratin rich
Why chicken eggs?
Production efficiency, cheaper product/lower bottom line, consumption habits
USA average per capita consumption of eggs
250 eggs/year
What vitamin is missing from eggs?
Vitamin C
How can you manipulate cholesterol in eggs?
Breed differences
How can you manipulate vitamin E in eggs
Diet differences
Eggs are a source of high-quality _______ and ____ and contain most __________ ________
protein; fat; essential nutirents
Egg shell color is ________ _______ and changes with age
Genetically influenced
Biliverdin =
Protoporphyrin =
Brown + Blue =
Biliverdin = Blue
Protoporphyrin = Red/Brown Brown + Blue = Green
Yolk color
Variable, linked to diet and health of the bird
___________ and _________ in the diet can effect yolk color
Carotenoids and xanthophyll
How do eggs protect themselves against infection?
_______ in the albumen
__________ properties of ______ in the shell membrane
The _______ coats the egg as it passes through the vagina and protects the contents from microbes
Lysozyme; antimicrobial; keratin; cuticle
Salmonella enteritidis
Infects the reproductive tract of hens and is passed from the ovary to the egg making the inside of the egg infected. Can also be present on outside of egg from the cloaca.
What molecule present in eggs is missing when you are trying to make vegan mayonnaise
Lecithin