exam 4 chapter 17 Flashcards
2 broad kinds of disasters
Natural or man-made
Natural disaster
hurricanes, tornados, fires, earth quakes
man-made disaster
bombings & mass shootings
The disaster preparedness depends on
the disaster
Scope
range of effect; geographic or number of victims
Intensity
level of destruction
casualties
number of humans injured or killed
multiple-casualty incident
more than 2 but less than 100 casualties
mass-casualty incident
more than 100 casualties
those directly impacted include
survivors, decreased, displaced, refugees
survivors
survived
deceased
dead (black colored tag)
refugees
people who were forced to leave their home land bc of war or prosecution
those indirectly impacted
relatives & friends
epidemiological triad
host
agent
environment
host
individual experiencing disaster
host factors
age, health, mobility, psychological & socioeconomic factors,
agent
cause of the disaster
agent factors
natural or man made
environment
factors that contribute to the disaster
environmental factors
ocean, rivers, weather, temperature
FEMA stands for
Federal Emergency Management Agency
FEMA was founded in
1979
FEMA oversees what company
NIMS
Who incorporated FEMA along with 23 other agencies
DHS
What are the phases of disaster
Preparedness
Response
Recovery
Disaster preparedness
plans for communication
disaster drills
adequate supplies
prevention
train individuals
Disaster response
immediate
triage
caring for
identifying bodies
support for survivors
Disaster recovery
REBUILDING AND RESTORATION; PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT
Green=
minor (walking wounded)
Yellow=
delayed
Red=
immediate
Black=
deceased/morgue/unable to assist
Nursing steps to disaster preparedness
-discuss emergency planning with patients and their family
-have a list of emergency contacts
-register patients who need life support equipment with utility companies
-generators
-emergency preparedness kits
emergency preparedness kit contains
- Water (1 gallon per person per day – 3 day supply)
- Non-perishable food (3 day supply for evacuation, 2 weeks for home)
- Flashlight
- Battery powered radio
- Batteries
- First aid kit
- 7 day supply of medications
- Multi purpose tools
- Hygiene items
- Copies of personal documents (birth certificates, passports, insurance policies)
- Cell phone with charger
- Emergency contact info
- Emergency blanket
Incident command center provides what
meeting, collaboration of various agencies, and administrative support
Incident command center is it price or cost effective?
cost effective by decreasing duplication of services
terrism
nuclear, chemical, biologic warefare
bioterrorism category A
highest priority–easily transmitted and high mortality rates
examples of bioterrorism category A
smallpox, ebola, anthrax, botulism
bioterrorism category B
second priority–moderately easy to spread, high morbidity, low mortality
examples of bioterrorism category B
ricin toxin, food and water borne illnesses
bioterrorism category C
third priory–easy to produce, high mortality and morbidity
examples of bioterrorism category C
TB, influenza, rabies, SARS
What is anthrax
spores found in digestive tracts of herbivores and soil
S/S of anthrax
itchy skin, lesions, eschar
Smallpox S/S
fever, malaise, abdominal pain, vomiting, rash which becomes lesions
Is there a cure smallpox
no cure but there is a vaccine
Botulism S/S
double or blurry vision, slurred speech, muscle weakness, difficulty breathing
How to treat Botulism
antitoxin
Ebola S/S
fever, h/a, fatigue, hemorrhage and even shock
How to treat ebola
supportive treatment
Primary levels of prevention
- establish disaster plans
- teach community of disaster plans
- report unusual activity
- acquire a basic knowledge of skills to respond appropriately
Secondary levels of prevention
- quick response
- provide early evacuations
- crisis intervention
Tertiary levels of prevention
- assist with recovery
- PTSD
- grief counseling