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Anatomy And Physiology > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Brains role

A

Information processing, memory, emotion
97% of nerve tissue

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2
Q

Four major regions of the brain

A

-cerebrum
-Cerebellum
-diencephalon
-brainstem

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3
Q

Cerebrum

A

Intellect, memory, personality

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4
Q

Cerebellum

A

Repeated patterns like walking

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5
Q

Diencephalon

A

Mid brain, compose of thalamus and hypothalamus

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6
Q

Brain stem

A

Contains neurons that connect cerebrum and cerebellum

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7
Q

Thalamus

A

All sensation pass through here (taste, hearing,vision…) , traffic director for impulse

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8
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Controls homeostatic mechanisms, eating reflexes, hormones

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9
Q

3 structures of the brain stem?

A

-Midbrain
-pons
-medulla oblongata

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10
Q

Midbrain

A

Superior part of brain stem, smooth motor function

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11
Q

Pons

A

Links brain to cerebellum, motor info to cerebellum

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12
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

Autonomic functions

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13
Q

Ventricals *

A

-space that makes CSF
- four chambers in the brain
- chorachoid plexus is a region of capillary’s within that makes CSF
- CSF supports and cushions brain, transports waste, nutrients, and chemical messages

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14
Q

Carotid artery

A

Delivers blood to the brain, high blood pressure

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15
Q

Blood brain barrier

A

Astrocytes appendages wrap around capillaries

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16
Q

Proprioception

A

Awareness of body position

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17
Q

Limbus stystem

A

Hippocampus
Amygdala

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18
Q

Hippocampus

A

Memory center

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19
Q

Amygdala

A

Emotional personality

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20
Q

Outputs colosum

A

Glue holding lines together

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21
Q

Left brain

A

Science and math

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22
Q

Right brain

A

Creative and abstract

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23
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Movement

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24
Q

Parietal

A

Sensory, skin

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25
Q

Temporal

A

Hearing and smell

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26
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Vision

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27
Q

Wernicke

A

Understanding language

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28
Q

Brocas

A

Creating speech

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29
Q

Acronym?

A

On occasion our trusty truck acts funny. Very good vechical any how

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30
Q

Receptive field

A

Area of skin a neuron is responsible for

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31
Q

Small receptive field

A

More sensitive

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32
Q

Large receptive field

A

Less sensitive

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33
Q

Fast adapting

A

Temperature receptors

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34
Q

Slow adapting

A

Pain receptors

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35
Q

Nociceptors

A

Pain, tissue damage

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36
Q

Thermoreceptors

A

Temperature

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37
Q

Mechanoreceptors

A

Touch

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38
Q

Chemoreceptors

A

Chemical

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39
Q

Barorecepter

A

Pressure/ stretching

40
Q

Proprioceptor

41
Q

Photoreceptor

42
Q

1st order neuron

43
Q

2ed order neuron

A

Interneuron

44
Q

3ed order

A

In thalamus

45
Q

Decussation

A

Is when the 2ed neuron switches to the other side of the the CNS

46
Q

Sensory cortex

A

Parietal lobe, general sensation

47
Q

Preganglionic

A

Attaches to cns and ganglionic neuron

48
Q

Ganglionic

A

Attaches to preganlionic and target tissue

49
Q

Somatic nervous*

A

-skeletal muscle
- conscious and subconscious
- muscle contraction
- acetocholine

50
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A
  • smooth muscle, cardiac, glands
  • unconscious
  • stimulate or inhibits
  • ach and NE
51
Q

Parasympathetic

A
  • energy conservation
  • Decrease heart rate
  • decrease resperation
  • bronchus constructs
  • Pupils constrict
52
Q

Sympathetic

A
  • use energy
  • increase heart rate
  • increase resperation
  • bronchus dilates
  • pupils dilate
  • fight or flight
53
Q

Adrenal medulla

A

Synapses within gland, secretes NE and Ach

54
Q

Cholinergic

A

Synapses with Ach

55
Q

Adrenergic

A

Synapses with NE

56
Q

Alpha

A

Stimulated by NE and E, increase heart rate and blood pressure

57
Q

Beta 1

A

Uses E for stimulation

58
Q

Beta 2

A

Uses E for relaxation

59
Q

Taste interpretated?

A

Insula and frontal lobe

60
Q

Sweet

A

Carbohydrates

61
Q

Salty

A

Chloride ion

62
Q

Sour

A

Hydrogen ion acidic

63
Q

Bitter

A

Hydroxide ion basic

64
Q

Umami

A

Savory,gludimate

65
Q

Water

A

Hydration level

66
Q

Eyelid

67
Q

Eyelashes

A

Prevent debris

68
Q

Tarsal gland

A

Oil to lubricate eye lid

69
Q

Lacrimal aparadis

A

Tears to lubricate and clean eye

70
Q

Sclera

A

Protective white part

71
Q

Cornea

A

Transparent, refracts light

72
Q

Choroid

A

Brown, circulation

73
Q

Dilator

A

Dilates iris

74
Q

Sphincter

A

Constricts iris

75
Q

Ciliary muscles

A

Changes lens

76
Q

Retina

A

Photoreceptive layer

77
Q

Rods

A

Detects light

78
Q

Cones

A

Detects colors, red blue green

79
Q

Aqueous humor

80
Q

Vitreous humor

81
Q

Cataracts

A

Loss of transparency

82
Q

Astigmatism

A

Improper refractions

83
Q

Focal point

A

Refract and focus light on retina

84
Q

Accommodation: close

85
Q

Accommodation: far

86
Q

Myopia

A

Nearsighted, before retina

87
Q

Hyperopia

A

Farsighted, behind retina

88
Q

Impulse pathway

A

Ross and cones-> optic nerve-> optic chasim-> occipital lobe

89
Q

Pinna

A

Funnels sound wave, cartilage

90
Q

Tympanic membrane

A

Sound waves, ear drum

91
Q

Ceruminous gland

A

Makes ear wax

92
Q

Ear bones

A

Malleus, incus, stapes

93
Q

Auditory tube

A

Equalizes pressure

94
Q

Tensor tempani

A

Connects to malleus, tension on ear drum

95
Q

Stapedious

A

Connects to stapes and prevents to much movement

96
Q

Boney laberanth

A

Protects inner membranous labyrinth of ear

Anatomy And Physiology (18 decks)

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