Chapter 13 Flashcards
Meninges
Protective membrane on spinal cord
Dura matter
Superficial layer of protection of the meninges
Arachnoid layer
Spider web like middle layer of the meninges
Pia mater
Deepest layer of the meninges connected to the CNS
Where does the spinal cord end
Roughly L1/L2
Cervical enlargement
Upper section of the spinal cord. Arms and cervical spine
Lumbar enlargement
Lower area of the spinal cord. Legs and thoracic spine.
Cuada equina
Nerves at the bottom of the spinal cord. Horse tail.
White mater
Myelinated, outer layer
Gray mater
Not myelinated inner layer of spinal cord
How many segments in the spinal cord
31
Which side do sensory neurons come from
Posterior
Which side do motor neurons come from
Anterior
Four major plexuses
Cervical, brachial, lumbar, sacral
Cervical
Neck
Brachial
Upper trunk and arms
Lumbar
Lower limbs and pelvic girdle
Sacral
Lower limbs and pelvic girdle
Dermatome
Responsible for nerves in specific regions to pinpoint nerve damage
Radial nerve
Extensor on thumb side
Ulnar nerve
Flexer on pinky side
Median nerve
Pinches carpal tunnel
Divergent
One signal to multiple
Convergence
Multiple to one
Serial
One to one
Reverberation
Feedback loop
Mono sympathetic
Sensory to motor
Polysympathetic
Sensory to inter neurons to motor
Reflexes
Involuntary and predictable
Steps to a reflex arc
- Receptor detects stimuli
- Sensory neuron
- Processing from spinal cord
- Motor neuron
- Effector Carrie’s command
Stretch reflex
Reflex test on knee
Withdrawal reflex
Touching a hot pan and releasing
Cross extensor reflex
Stepping on a tack with your foot
