Exam 3 - Visceral fluke - Fasciola hepatica

Question 1

Genera that live in liver

Answer 1

Fasciola, Clonorchis, and Opisthorchis

Question 2

Genera that live in SI

Answer 2

Fasciolopsis, Heterophyes, Metagonimus, and Echinostoma

Question 3

Genera that live in lungs

Answer 3

Paragonimus

Question 4

best studied trematode because of its large size

Answer 4

Fasciola

Question 5

Fasciola is a common parasite of:

Answer 5

sheep and cattle, rarely found in humans

Question 6

Adult fasciola reside in the:

Answer 6

gall bladder and bile ducts in the liver

Question 7

cephalic cone

Answer 7

cone-shaped projection at the anterior end of fasciola

Question 8

Eggs pass out of the ___ into the _____ & expelled with _______

Answer 8

liver

intestine

the feces

Question 9

If the eggs reach water after being passed form feces:

Answer 9

unembryonated eggs complete their development into miracidium and hatch in 9-10 days in warmer weather

Question 10

After hatching, the miracidium has about ___ in which to find a suitable _____ for further development; if not, _____

Answer 10

24 hr

snail host

they die

Question 11

Upon penetrating a snail, miracidium metamorphoses into:

Answer 11

a sporocyst that gives rise to mother rediae which may give rise to daughter rediae

Question 12

_____ in the brood chambers of the redia develop into _______

Answer 12

Germ balls

cercaria

Question 13

____ emerge from the snail ____ after infection

Answer 13

Cercaria

5-7 wk

Question 14

______ attaches to any _______ object, ______ and encyst as ______ on plants upon which sheep and cattle feed

Answer 14

Cercaria

aquatic

drop its tail

metacercaria

Question 15

Humans become infected by eating:

Answer 15

contaminated plants, esp. salads

Question 16

Juveniles excyst in the _____, penetrate the ______, and travel to _____ where they feed and attain ______________

Answer 16

duodenum

intestinal wall

liver

sexual maturity

Question 17

What are responsible for the pathology associated with fascioliasis

Answer 17

Migration of young worms to host liver and presence of worms in the bile ducts

Question 18

As larvae migrate to the bile ducts:

Answer 18

they cause traumatic damage as well as intense eosinophilic inflammation to the hepatic tissue

Question 19

In the bile ducts, the larvae cause ______ of the biliary epithelium, and ______ of the biliary wall ducts.

Answer 19

hyperplasia

hardening

Question 20

Acute fascioliasis

Answer 20

often seen in sheep

Due to ingestion of more than 10,000 metacercariae at once

Question 21

Symptoms in humans

Answer 21

head/backache, nausea, coughing, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain, obstructive jaundice

Question 22

Life span of adult flukes in humans may be:

Answer 22

5 to 10 years

Question 23

Diagnostoc tools:

Answer 23

Eggs in feces

Question 24

Treatment:

Answer 24

bithionol and praziquantel for 2 weeks

Question 25

Human infection occurs ______ but is confined to _______ regions

Answer 25

World wide

Sheep/cattle-raising

Question 26

Control/prevention

Answer 26

sheep & cattle feces should not be allowed near aquatic regions. Snail population should also be carefully monitored

Question 27

Oral sucker vs ventral sucker

Answer 27

Similar in size