Exam 3 Sulfa Drugs

Question 1

Who has antibacterial and bacteriostatic properties

Answer 1

Sulfonamides

Question 2

Also known as “sulfa drugs” examples

Answer 2

Sulfadiazine
Gantrisin
Bactrim (sulfonamide + trimethoprim) (synergistic agent)
Silvadene, Sulfamylon (topical)

Question 3

Action of Sulfonamides

Answer 3

Primarily bacteriostatic and work by inhibiting bacterial cell metabolism

Question 4

Once the bacterial growth is slowed, the body’s defense mechanisms can do what?

Answer 4

take over and rid the body of the infection

Question 5

Uses of Sulfonamides

Answer 5

1. Urinary tract infections
2. Treatment of infections with 2nd and 3rd degree burns
3. Management of Ulcerative Colitis

Question 6

The sulfa drugs are well absorbed in the

Answer 6

GI tract and the kidneys

Question 7

Adverse Reactions cause the urine and skin to

Answer 7

Turn an orange-yellow color

Question 8

Adverse Reactions Sulfonamides

Answer 8

Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea
Abdominal pain, Stomatitis
Photosensitivity, Crystalluria

Question 9

Without Topical preparations sulfonamides can cause what kind of sensation?

Answer 9

Burning and stinging sensation with topical preparations

Question 10

Crystalluria is prevented by

Answer 10

Increasing fluid intake, prevention of crystal formation

Question 11

What is crytaluria

Answer 11

Cyrstals in the urine

Question 12

Can develop a _______which can be mild to severe

Answer 12

“sulfa allergy”

Question 13

Sulfonamides Contraindicated with:

Answer 13

1. Allergies to Sulfa
2. During lactation
3. In children under 2 years of age

Question 14

Sulfonamides Use cautiously with:

Answer 14

Patients with : renal impairments
hepatic impairments
bronchial asthma

Question 15

Nursing Process assessment

Answer 15

1. Obtain info about the current signs and symptoms
2. Get baseline vital sign readings
3. Review pertinent lab values
4. Evaluate response to medication( improvement?)
5. Give on empty stomach, unless instructed otherwise
6. Push fluids to prevent adverse reactions since one of
7. The target sites is the kidneys
8. Monitor for all adverse reactions during treatment

Question 16

What is considered an empty stomach?

Answer 16

1 hour before or 2 hour after meal

Question 17

What are adverse reactions that could occur during treatment

Answer 17

Hypersensitivity
Superinfections
Changes in lab values or assessment criteria

Question 18

What is the process on applying sulfonamides for Burn Treatment ?

Answer 18

1. Clean and remove debris before applying the ointment
2. Inform patient about stinging or burning upon application (short time)
3. Keep away from drafts – can increase discomfort level

Question 19

Patient Teaching sulfonamides

Answer 19

1. Take drug as ordered until completion
2. Take on empty stomach
3. Push fluids daily during course of treatment (Cranberry)
4. Protect from sun
5. Inform of adverse symptoms to report
6. Urine and skin may turn a yellow-orange color (staining)

Question 20

Some diabetic Drugs have sulfa in it, True or False?

Answer 20

True, so diabetics who are allergic to sulfa cannot take