Exam 3 Sulfa Drugs Flashcards
Who has antibacterial and bacteriostatic properties
Sulfonamides
Also known as “sulfa drugs” examples
Sulfadiazine
Gantrisin
Bactrim (sulfonamide + trimethoprim) (synergistic agent)
Silvadene, Sulfamylon (topical)
Action of Sulfonamides
Primarily bacteriostatic and work by inhibiting bacterial cell metabolism
Once the bacterial growth is slowed, the body’s defense mechanisms can do what?
take over and rid the body of the infection
Uses of Sulfonamides
- Urinary tract infections
- Treatment of infections with 2nd and 3rd degree burns
- Management of Ulcerative Colitis
The sulfa drugs are well absorbed in the
GI tract and the kidneys
Adverse Reactions cause the urine and skin to
Turn an orange-yellow color
Adverse Reactions Sulfonamides
Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea
Abdominal pain, Stomatitis
Photosensitivity, Crystalluria
Without Topical preparations sulfonamides can cause what kind of sensation?
Burning and stinging sensation with topical preparations
Crystalluria is prevented by
Increasing fluid intake, prevention of crystal formation
What is crytaluria
Cyrstals in the urine
Can develop a _______which can be mild to severe
“sulfa allergy”
Sulfonamides Contraindicated with:
- Allergies to Sulfa
- During lactation
- In children under 2 years of age
Sulfonamides Use cautiously with:
Patients with : renal impairments
hepatic impairments
bronchial asthma
Nursing Process assessment
- Obtain info about the current signs and symptoms
- Get baseline vital sign readings
- Review pertinent lab values
- Evaluate response to medication( improvement?)
- Give on empty stomach, unless instructed otherwise
- Push fluids to prevent adverse reactions since one of
- The target sites is the kidneys
- Monitor for all adverse reactions during treatment
What is considered an empty stomach?
1 hour before or 2 hour after meal
What are adverse reactions that could occur during treatment
Hypersensitivity
Superinfections
Changes in lab values or assessment criteria
What is the process on applying sulfonamides for Burn Treatment ?
- Clean and remove debris before applying the ointment
- Inform patient about stinging or burning upon application (short time)
- Keep away from drafts – can increase discomfort level
Patient Teaching sulfonamides
- Take drug as ordered until completion
- Take on empty stomach
- Push fluids daily during course of treatment (Cranberry)
- Protect from sun
- Inform of adverse symptoms to report
- Urine and skin may turn a yellow-orange color (staining)
Some diabetic Drugs have sulfa in it, True or False?
True, so diabetics who are allergic to sulfa cannot take
